3289

■arms

■broke ties with

■domestic consumption

■fall back on

■infrastructure

■open to

■privileged elite

■run down

■Socialist Bloc

■the future holds

■turnover

1.

Factories become ………… if management don’t look afte

r buildings and invest in

new equipment.

2.

Nobody

really knows

what …………, but you

s

hould make plans anyway.

3.

Many countries make lots of money selling …………… lik

e tanks and guns to

foreign armies.

4.

In the West, the Communist countries of the USSR were called the ……………….

5.

When he left the company, he …………. all his old coll

eagues.

6.

It’s good to have some savings to ……………. during har

d times.

7.

The company was very …………… my proposal for a new

range of products.

8.

Most of the wealth in modern industrial countries is owned by a small ………….

9.

Products

for ………….. are only

sold in the

country where they are made.

10.The ……………. Means the roads, railways, power and com

munication networks

that industry needs.

11.The ………….. of our new products has been very high a

nd we have gained a good

income from them.

1

V

2

M

3

U

4

E

5

F

6

N

7

G

8

9

D

10

M

6.

Goods such as food, clothing and equipment used at home or in everyday life

7.

The process or rate of growing and developing.

8.

People who lend money to companies so that they can grow.

9.

Articles for sale.

deposit

advertising

customer needs

storing and lending

The four Ps

investment

exports

value

liquidity

marketing

account

orientation

interest

1.

In popular usage, the term “……………….” refers to the

promotion of products,

especially advertising and branding.

2.

‘………………..’ form the basis of the marketing mix.

3.

Promotion includes …………, sales promotion, publicit

y, and personal selling,

and refers to the various methods of promoting the product, brand or company.

4.

Most companies today have a consumer ………... This im

plies that the company

focuses its activities and products on …………...

5. ……………….. refers to how easily money can

circulate.

7.

Money

in

a bank

savings ………….., ho

wever, will earn interest.

8.

Apart

from

………………..

money, banks

offer other financial services.

9.

Basically, banks make a living by charging ……….

on loans. Of course, when you

make a …………. into a bank savings account,

the bank pays you interest on that

money.

10.

………….. from abroad was not encouraged because the g

overnment wanted full

control of production and prices

11.

In fact, energy resources make up over two thirds of Russia’s ………...

II.

Make up questions.

III.

Complete the sentences using the

correct

passive form of the verbs

in brackets.

1.

Top managers ……… by a company’s board of director

s. (appoint and supervise

and dismiss)

2.

Marketing methods …….. by many of the social

sciences. (use)

3.

Products for domestic consumption only …….

in

the country where they are

made. (sell)

55

4.

A small amount of the total savings ……… by t

he bank so that customers can

make withdrawals. (keep)

5.

Products often ……… to meet the desires of gro

ups of customers. (develop).

to

of

in

into(2)

by(2)

with

for

on(3)

1.

McCarthy divided marketing ……… four general sets of

activities.

2.

Many firms, such as research and development focused companies, successfully

focus ………. product innovation.

3.

The term “marketing” refers …. the promotion of pro

ducts, especially advertising

and branding

4.

The

mix

of the Four Ps must

reflect purchasing power ………

the

consumers……..

the target market.

5.

Two hundred of people are employed ………..

our

company.

6.

Shortages ………… simple things like

shoes

were

common.

7.

The company is run …….. three brothers.

8.

The

prices

are specified

…….. the

V AT account

9.

Basically, banks make a living by charging interest

………. loans. Of course,

when you

make a deposit

……

a bank savings account, the bank pays you

interest …….. that money.

6.

Raymond Murphy. English in use. Cambridge University Press. 2007

7.

Голицынский

Ю. Б. Грамматика: сборник упражнений. СПб: КАРО 2001

8.

Саакян А.С.

«Exercises in Modern English Grammar”, Айрис-Пресс, 2006