329

Ɍɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɧɚɫɥɟɞɢɟ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɨɪɚ Ⱥ.Ȼ. Ɍɭɪɱɟɜɢɱɚ

Ȼɟɪɟɡɧɢɤɚɦɢ – ɜɬɨɪɵɦ ɩɨ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ ɝɨɪɨɞɨɦ ɉɟɪɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɪɚɹ. ɉɨɦɢɦɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ ɡɚɜɨɞɫɤɢɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɞɨɦɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ ɢ ɫɥɭɠɚɳɢɯ,

ɜɩɨɫɟɥɤɟ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɵ ɭɱɢɥɢɳɟ, ɝɨɫɬɢɧɢɰɚ ɢ ɞɚɠɟ ɬɟɚɬɪ. ɉɪɢɱɟɦ ɠɢɥɵɟ ɞɨɦɚ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɫɨ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɭɞɨɛɫɬɜɚɦɢ – ɬɚɦ ɛɵɥɚ ɞɚɠɟ ɝɨɪɹɱɚɹ ɜɨɞɚ. ɉɪɨɟɤɬ ɛɵɥ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧ ɧɚɫɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɝɪɚɦɨɬɧɨ ɢ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ, ɱɬɨ Ȼɨɪɢɫ ɉɚɫɬɟɪɧɚɤ, ɩɨɫɟɬɢɜɲɢɣ ɝɨɪɨɞ ɜ 1916 ɝ.,

ɜɫɜɨɟɦ ɩɢɫɶɦɟ ɤ ɋ.ɉ. Ȼɨɛɪɨɜɭ ɧɚɡɜɚɥ ɡɚɜɨɞ ɢ ɩɨɫɟɥɨɤ ɩɪɢ ɧɟɦ «ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɣ Ȼɟɥɶɝɢɟɣ» – ɧɚɫɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨ-ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢ ɨɧ ɜɵɝɥɹɞɟɥ. ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɨɞɨɜɵɣ ɡɚɜɨɞ ɂ.ɂ. Ʌɸɛɢɦɨɜɚ ɩɪɟɜɪɚɬɢɥɫɹ

ɜɨɞɧɨ ɢɡ ɤɪɭɩɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ, ɧɨ ɞɨ ɫɢɯ ɩɨɪ ɧɚ ɟɝɨ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɜɢɞɟɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɵ ɞɨɪɟɜɨɥɸɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɵ, ɩɨɞɚɪɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɦ Ⱥ.Ȼ. Ɍɭɪɱɟɜɢɱɟɦ.

Ɋɢɫ. 3. ɉɨɫɟɥɨɤ ɩɪɢ Ȼɟɪɟɡɧɢɤɨɜɫɤɨɦ ɫɨɞɨɜɨɦ ɡɚɜɨɞɟ

ɋɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɧɟ ɩɨɪɚɠɚɬɶ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɳɟɞɪɨɫɬɶ, ɧɟɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɩɥɨɞɨɬɜɨɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɨɪɚ. ȼɫɟɝɨ Ɍɭɪɱɟɜɢɱɟɦ ɛɵɥɨ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɨ ɜ ɉɟɪɦɢ, Ɉɫɟ, Ʉɭɧɝɭɪɟ, ɋɚɪɚɩɭɥɟ, ȼɟɪɯɨɬɭɪɶɟ, ȿɤɚɬɟɪɢɧɛɭɪɝɟ ɨɤɨɥɨ 150 ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɤɭɥɶɬɨɜɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ. ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɱɬɨ 50 ɢɡ ɧɢɯ – ɷɬɨ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɫɥɚɜɧɵɯ ɯɪɚɦɨɜ. Ɉɧ ɜɨɡɜɨɞɢɥ ɞɨɦɚ ɡɧɚɦɟɧɢɬɵɯ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɫɥɚɜɧɵɯ ɯɪɚɦɨɜ, ɫɭɦɟɜɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɧɨɫɬɶɡɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢɝɨɪɨɞɚ ɧɚɦɧɨɝɢɟɝɨɞɵɜɩɟɪɟɞ.

121

elib.pstu.ru

Ɍ.Ⱥ. ɋɩɢɪɨɜɚ, Ɉ.Ⱥ. ɒɭɬɨɜɚ

ɍɦɟɪ Ⱥ.Ȼ. Ɍɭɪɱɟɜɢɱ 30 ɞɟɤɚɛɪɹ 1909 ɝɨɞɚ, ɩɨɯɨɪɨɧɟɧ ɜ ɉɟɪɦɢ ɧɚ ɇɨɜɨɦ ɤɥɚɞɛɢɳɟ.

Ɇɚɥɨ ɤɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɶɫɹ ɫ Ⱥ. Ɍɭɪɱɟɜɢɱɟɦ ɩɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɭ ɫɬɨɥɶ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɫɥɟɞɢɹ, ɧɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɤ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɚ ɜ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ ɩɚɦɹɬɧɢɤɨɜ, ɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɦɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ. Ʉ ɫɨɠɚɥɟɧɢɸ, ɧɚ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹɲɧɢɣ ɞɟɧɶ ɩɚɦɹɬɶ ɨɛ ɷɬɨɦ ɬɚɥɚɧɬɥɢɜɨɦ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɟ, ɬɚɤ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɜɲɟɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɉɟɪɦɢ ɢ ɍɪɚɥɚ, ɧɢɤɚɤ ɧɟ ɭɜɟɤɨɜɟɱɟɧɚ: ɧɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɭɥɢɰɵ, ɧɢ ɦɟɦɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɨɫɤɨɣ.

Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ

1. Ʉɚɲɢɯɢɧ Ʌ.ɋ., ɉɟɪɟɫɤɨɤɨɜ Ʌ.ȼ. Ⱥɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɨɪ ɢ ɚɤɬɺɪ Ⱥ.Ȼ. Ɍɭɪɱɟɜɢɱ-Ƚɥɭɦɨɜ // Ʉɪɚɟɜɟɞɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɛɨɪɧɢɤ «ɉɟɪɦɫɤɢɣ ɤɪɚɣ». – ɉɟɪɦɶ: ɉɟɪɦɫɤɚɹ ɤɧɢɝɚ, 1992. – 227 ɫ.

2.ɘɡɟɮɨɜɢɱ Ⱥ.ɇ. ɋɞɟɥɚɧɨ Ɍɭɪɱɟɜɢɱɟɦ // ɗɬɚɠɢ ɉɟɪɦɢ. – 2004. –

ʋ3. – ɋ. 53–55.

3.ɋɩɟɲɢɥɨɜɚ ȿ.Ⱥ. ɋɬɚɪɚɹ ɉɟɪɦɶ: Ⱦɨɦɚ. ɍɥɢɰɵ. Ʌɸɞɢ. 1723– 1917. – ɉɟɪɦɶ: Ʉɭɪɫɢɜ, 1999. – 580 ɫ.

4.ɘɡɟɮɨɜɢɱ Ⱥ.ɇ. Ⱥɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪ Ȼɨɧɚɜɟɧɬɭɪɨɜɢɱ Ɍɭɪɱɟɜɢɱ // ɉɟɪɦ-

ɫɤɢɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ. – 2007. – ʋ 3. – ɋ. 40–43.

5.ɒɢɥɨɜ ȼ.ȼ. Ʌɸɛɢɦɨɜ, ɋɨɥɶɜɷ ɢ Ʉɨ. // Ɋɟɬɪɨɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɚ. – 2009. –

ʋ4. – ɋ. 11–17.

T.A. Spirova, O.A. Shutova

THE ARTISTIC HERITAGE

OF THE ARCHITECT A. TURCHEVICH

The article deals with efforts of the construction and engineering bureau ɨf A. Turchevich – one of the architects of Perm,s province (the end of ɏIɏ – the beginning of ɏɏ century), the author of more than 150 buildings of the West and Middle Urals.

Keywords: Perm region, Architecture of the Urals, construction and engineering bureau, talanted architect, cultural heritage.

ɋɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɛ ɚɜɬɨɪɚɯ

ɋɩɢɪɨɜɚ Ɍɚɦɚɪɚ Ⱥɪɤɚɞɶɟɜɧɚ (ɉɟɪɦɶ, Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ) – ɫɬɚɪɲɢɣ ɩɪɟɩɨ-

ɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɵ «ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɝɟɨɬɟɯɧɢɤɚ» ɎȽȻɈɍ ȼɉɈ ɉɇɂɉɍ (e-mail: spstf@pstu.ac.ru).

ɒɭɬɨɜɚ Ɉɥɶɝɚ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɨɜɧɚ (ɉɟɪɦɶ, Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ) – ɫɬɚɪɲɢɣ ɩɪɟ-

ɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɵ «ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɝɟɨɬɟɯɧɢɤɚ» ɎȽȻɈɍ ȼɉɈ ɉɇɂɉɍ (e-mail: spstf@pstu.ac.ru).

122

elib.pstu.ru

Ɍɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɧɚɫɥɟɞɢɟ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɨɪɚ Ⱥ.Ȼ. Ɍɭɪɱɟɜɢɱɚ

About the authors

Spirova Tamara Arkadevna (Perm, Russia) – Senior Lecturer, Department of Building production and geotechnics, Perm National Research Polytechnic University (e-mail: spstf@pstu.ac.ru).

Shutova Olga Aleksandrovna (Perm, Russia) – Senior Lecturer, Department of Building production and geotechnics, Perm National Research Polytechnic University (e-mail: spstf@pstu.ac.ru).

ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɨ 11.03.2013

123

elib.pstu.ru

ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɉɇɂɉɍ. ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ. ʋ 2. 2013

ɍȾɄ 692.115

Ⱦ.Ⱥ. Ɍɚɬɶɹɧɧɢɤɨɜ, ȼ.ɂ. Ʉɥɟɜɟɤɨ

ɉɟɪɦɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ

ȼɅɂəɇɂȿ ɋɀɂɆȺȿɆɈɋɌɂ ȺɊɆɂɊɍɘɓȿȽɈ ɆȺɌȿɊɂȺɅȺ ɇȺ ɈɋȺȾɄɍ ɎɍɇȾȺɆȿɇɌȺ ɉɊɂ ɒɌȺɆɉɈȼɕɏ ɆɈȾȿɅɖɇɕɏ ɂɋɉɕɌȺɇɂəɏ

ɇȺ ɉɊɂɆȿɊȿ ȽȿɈɄɈɆɉɈɁɂɌȺ

Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧ ɧɨɜɵɣ ɬɢɩ ɝɟɨɫɢɧɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ – ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬ, ɧɚ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɩɪɨɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɨ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɝɟɨɬɟɤɫɬɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ. Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɚ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ. ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɧ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɢɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɚɜɬɨɪɨɜ, ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɧɵɯ ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ, ɫ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɤɨɣ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɨɛ ɭɱɟɬɟ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ.

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬ, ɤɨɦɩɪɟɫɫɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ, ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɶ, ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬ, ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ.

ȼɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɝɟɨɫɢɧɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɧɚɪɚɜɧɟ ɫ ɛɟɬɨɧɨɦ ɢ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɨɦ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɨɞɧɢɦɢ ɢɡ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ. Ɉɧɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɠɟɥɟɡɧɵɯ ɞɨɪɨɝ, ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɟ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɨɞ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɵ, ɜɨɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɞɩɨɪɧɵɯ ɫɬɟɧ, ɩɪɢ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɟ ɞɪɟɧɚɠɟɣ, ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɩɚɪɤɨɜɨɤ ɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɫɤɥɚɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɝɟɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɭɸ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ, ɫɨɜɦɟɳɚɸɳɭɸ ɜ ɫɟɛɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ, ɬɚɤɢɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ «ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɵ».

Ƚɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬ – ɦɧɨɝɨɫɥɨɣɧɵɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɢɡ ɫɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɫɥɨɟɜ (ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɞɜɭɯ) ɝɟɨɫɟɬɤɢ (ɩɥɨɫɤɨɣ ɝɟɨɪɟɲɟɬɤɢ) ɫ ɝɟɨɬɟɤɫɬɢɥɶɧɵɦ (ɱɚɳɟ ɧɟɬɤɚɧɵɦ ɢɝɥɨɩɪɨɛɢɜɧɵɦ ɢɥɢ ɬɟɪɦɨɭɩɪɨɱɧɟɧɧɵɦ) ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɦ. ɉɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɚ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɢ ɜ ɧɟɦ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ: ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ, ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜɨɣ ɢ ɜɟɬɪɨɜɨɣ ɷɪɨɡɢɢ ɢ ɬ.ɞ. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ: ɜɵɫɨɤɚɹ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɬɨɣɤɨɫɬɶ, ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɬɪɟɧɢɹ, ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ, ɜɵɫɨɤɚɹ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɧɚɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɥɨɟ ɧɟɬɤɚɧɨɝɨ ɝɟɨɬɟɤɫɬɢɥɹ, ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ.

ȼɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɫɹ ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬ PolyfeltRock PEC (ɪɢɫ. 1, ɬɚɛɥɢɰɚ). ɗɬɨɬ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɟɛɟ ɫɪɚɡɭ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɚɠ-

124

elib.pstu.ru

ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɚɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɨɫɚɞɤɭ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɚ

ɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ: ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ, ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɞɪɟɧɚɠɚ. ɋɥɨɣ ɧɟɬɤɚɧɨɝɨ ɝɟɨɬɟɤɫɬɢɥɹ ɡɚɳɢɳɚɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɢɬɢ ɨɬ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɪɨɤ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ. ȼɵɫɨɤɨɩɪɨɱɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɢɷɮɢɪɧɵɟ ɧɢɬɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɧɢɡɤɨɣ ɩɨɥɡɭɱɟɫɬɶɸ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɩɨɥɢɷɬɢɥɟɧɨɦ. ɋɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɪɟɧɚɠɚ ɞɟɥɚɟɬ Rock PEC ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ, ɦɟɥɤɨɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ. Ƚɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬ Rock PEC ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɪɟɧɚɠɚ ɜ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɨɬɧɚ, ɱɬɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɦɭ ɪɚɡɪɹɠɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ ɧɚ ɫɞɜɢɝ.

Ɋɢɫ. 1. Ɉɛɪɚɡɟɰ ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɚ PolyfeltRock PEC

ɋɜɨɞɧɚɹ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɮɢɡɢɤɨ-ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɚ PolyfeltRock PEC

125

elib.pstu.ru

Ɍ.Ⱥ. Ɍɚɬɶɹɧɧɢɤɨɜ, ȼ.ɂ. Ʉɥɟɜɟɤɨ

ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɨɦ [1], ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ, ɱɬɨ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɶ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɥɢɹɬɶ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ. ɉɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɵ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɢ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ «ɨɫɚɞɤɚ – ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ», ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 2, 4–7 ɞɥɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɲɬɚɦɩɨɜɵɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹɯ.

Ɋɢɫ. 2. Ƚɪɚɮɢɤ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɫɚɞɤɢ ɲɬɚɦɩɚ ɨɬ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ, ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɨɦ

Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 2 ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥ, ɱɬɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ, ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɨɦ, ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɸ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɫɚɦ ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɷɬɨɣ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɸ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɚ ɛɵɥɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɵ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ. ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ [2, 3] ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɶ ɬɟɤɫɬɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɨɦɩɪɟɫɫɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɲɬɚɦɩɚ ɫ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɦɟɪɨɦ. ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɤɨɦɩɪɟɫɫɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɠɚɬɢɹ Ⱥɋɂɋ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɈɈɈ ɇɉɉ «Ƚɟɨɬɟɤ» (ɪɢɫ. 3). Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɚ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɠɟ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ [4, 5]. Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɨ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɬɪɢ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ.

Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ «ɨɫɚɞɤɚ – ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ» ɞɥɹ ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɚ. ɉɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧ ɭɫɪɟɞɧɟɧɧɵɣ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 4).

126

elib.pstu.ru

ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɚɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɨɫɚɞɤɭ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɚ

Ɋɢɫ. 3. Ʉɨɦɩɪɟɫɫɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ Ⱥɋɂɋ

Ɋɢɫ. 4. Ƚɪɚɮɢɤ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɫɚɞɤɢ ɨɬ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɚ

ɋ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɭɬɨɱɧɟɧɧɵɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɢ «ɨɫɚɞɤɚ – ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ» ɞɥɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ, ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɨɦ, ɷɬɢ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɢ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɚɸɬ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɶ ɫɚɦɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ.

127

elib.pstu.ru

Ɍ.Ⱥ. Ɍɚɬɶɹɧɧɢɤɨɜ, ȼ.ɂ. Ʉɥɟɜɟɤɨ

Ɋɢɫ. 5. ɍɬɨɱɧɟɧɧɵɣ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ ɩɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɦ, ɨɞɧɨɫɥɨɣɧɨ-ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɨɦ

Ɋɢɫ. 6. ɍɬɨɱɧɟɧɧɵɣ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ ɩɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɦ, ɞɜɭɯɫɥɨɣɧɨ-ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɨɦ

Ɋɢɫ. 7. ɍɬɨɱɧɟɧɧɵɣ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɫɚɞɤɢ ɲɬɚɦɩɚ ɨɬ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ, ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɟɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɨɦ

128

elib.pstu.ru

ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɚɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɨɫɚɞɤɭ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɚ

ɂɫɯɨɞɹ ɢɡ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɭɬɨɱɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ ɪɢɫ. 5–7 «ɨɫɚɞɤɚ – ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ» ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɜɵɜɨɞɵ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɤɫɬɢɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚɯ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɨɫɚɞɤɭ, ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɭɸ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɚɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ, ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɦɧɨɝɨɫɥɨɣɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ.

Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ

1.Ɍɚɬɶɹɧɧɢɤɨɜ Ⱦ.Ⱥ., Ʉɥɟɜɟɤɨ ȼ.ɂ., ɉɨɧɨɦɚɪɟɜ Ⱥ.Ȼ. ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɟɫɱɚɧɨɝɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɧɵɦɢ ɝɟɨɫɢɧɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɲɬɚɦɩɨɜɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ // Ƚɟɨɬɟɯɧɢɤɚ. Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ: ɨɛɳɟɪɨɫ. ɤɨɧɮ. ɦɨɥɨɞɵɯ ɭɱɟɧɵɯ, ɧɚɭɱ. ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ: ɦɟɠɜɭɡ. ɬɟɦɚɬ. ɫɛ. ɬɪ. / ɋɉɛȽȺɋɍ. –

ɋɉɛ., 2013. – ɋ. 33–42.

2.ȽɈɋɌ 15902.1–80. Ɇɟɬɨɞɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ,

ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɣ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɟɣ.

3.ɈȾɆ 218.5.006–2010. Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɚɦ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɝɟɨɫɢɧɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɢɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɣ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ.

4.ɉɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɧɨɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɩɟɫɱɚɧɨɝɨ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɲɬɚɦɩɨɜɵɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ / Ⱦ.Ⱥ. Ɍɚɬɶɹɧɧɢɤɨɜ, Ʉ.ɉ. Ⱦɚɜɥɹɬɲɢɧ, ə.Ⱥ. Ɏɟɞɨɪɨɜɵɯ, Ⱥ.Ȼ. ɉɨɧɨɦɚɪɟɜ // ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɉɟɪɦ. ɝɨɫ. ɬɟɯɧ. ɭɧ-ɬɚ. ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ. – 2011. – ʋ 1.

5.Ɍɚɬɶɹɧɧɢɤɨɜ Ⱦ.Ⱥ., Ʉɥɟɜɟɤɨ ȼ.ɂ., ɉɨɧɨɦɚɪɟɜ Ⱥ.Ȼ. Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɪɚɛɨ-

ɬɵ ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɫɱɚɧɨɝɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɲɬɚɦɩɨɜɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ // ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɉɟɪɦ. ɧɚɰ. ɢɫɫɥɟɞ. ɩɨɥɢɬɟɯɧ. ɭɧ-ɬɚ.

ɍɪɛɚɧɢɫɬɢɤɚ. – 2012. – ʋ 4. – ɋ. 92–103.

129

elib.pstu.ru

Ɍ.Ⱥ. Ɍɚɬɶɹɧɧɢɤɨɜ, ȼ.ɂ. Ʉɥɟɜɟɤɨ

D.A. Tatyannikov, V.I. Kleveko

THE COMPRESSIBILITY REINFORCEMENTS

ON PRECIPITATION FUNDAMENT DIE MODEL TESTS,

THE EXAMPLE OF GEOCOMPOSITE

This article describes a new type of geosynthetics – geocomposite, its example is analyzed actual question on the compressibility of geotextiles. The same estimation procedure described compressibility. The analysis of previous work devoted to reinforcing bases, adjusted the data. The problem of taking into account the compressibility of the design of reinforced bases.

Keywords: geocomposite, compression device, compressibility, model experiment, deform-

ability.

ɋɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɛ ɚɜɬɨɪɚɯ

Ɍɚɬɶɹɧɧɢɤɨɜ Ⱦɚɧɢɢɥ Ⱥɧɞɪɟɟɜɢɱ (ɉɟɪɦɶ, Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ) – ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɵ «ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɝɟɨɬɟɯɧɢɤɚ» ɎȽȻɈɍ ȼɉɈ ɉɇɂɉɍ (e-mail: spstf@pstu.ru).

Ʉɥɟɜɟɤɨ ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ɂɜɚɧɨɜɢɱ (ɉɟɪɦɶ, Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ) – ɤɚɧɞ. ɬɟɯɧ. ɧɚ-

ɭɤ, ɞɨɰɟɧɬ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɵ «ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɝɟɨɬɟɯɧɢɤɚ» ɎȽȻɈɍ ȼɉɈ ɉɇɂɉɍ (e-mail: spstf@pstu.ru).

About the authors

Tatyannikov Daniil Andreevich (Perm, Russia) – graduate student, Department of Building production and geotechnics, Perm National Research Polytechnic University (e-mail: spstf@pstu.ru).

Kleveko Vladimir Ivanovich (Perm, Russia) – Candidate of Technics, Associate Professor, Department of Building production and geotechnics, Perm National Research Polytechnic University (e-mail: spstf@pstu.ru).

ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɨ 01.03.2013

130

elib.pstu.ru