kSlFy9CsPn

Answer the questions about these persons. Check your answers with your group:

1.What happened when he/she was a child?

2.What job did he/she do when she/he grew up?

3.How did he/she become interested in the sport?

4.Why does he/she like the sport?

5.Does he/she think it is a dangerous sport?

6.Does he/she teach the sport?

7.What are his/her future plans?

8.When is he/she going to stop doing it?

III. Choose one of the texts. Sum up the following text in 5–7 sentences and tell the group about daily routine of the person:

TEXT 5

Lively Tom, 69, skaters for Tesco

Tom Hopperton is one of 1,200 over-65s working for the supermarket,

TОsМo. HО’s ЛООn аorФТnР ЭСОrО Пor ПТПЭООn monЭСs. BОПorО that he was a plumber for thirty years.

Tom skates about five miles a day around the store fetching things for cusЭomОrs аСo rОКХТгО ЭСКЭ ЭСОв’ЯО ПorРoЭЭОn somОЭСТnР onХв аСОn ЭСОв’ЯО

reached the checkout till. He earns £4.50 an hour

“I УЮsЭ ХoЯО ЭСО УoЛ. I СОХp ЭСО МЮsЭomОrs, so ЭСОв’rО ЮsЮКХХв ЯОrв nТМО Эo mО. I’ЯО КХаКвs ХТФО mООЭТnР pОopХО. AnН ТЭ ФООps mО ПТЭ. I МКn’Э sТЭ КЭ СomО do-

ТnР noЭСТnР. I’Н УЮsЭ НТО. I СКЯО Эo ФООp ЛЮsв. TТmО РoОs rОКХХв qЮТМФХв. EЯОrв НКв Тs НТППОrОnЭ”.

TОsМo’s mКНО ЭСО decision to employ people of all ages. It sees the advantages of older workers who are more calm and authoritative when they are

dealing with customers.

“АСОn I sКа ЭСТs УoЛ КНЯОrЭТsОН, I НТНn’Э ЛОХТОЯО ЭСОв’Н РТЯО ТЭ Эo mО,’

says Tom. I went in to see them because I thought they would be put off by my

КРО ТП 1 УЮsЭ pСonОН. 1 аКnЭОН ЭСОm Эo sОО ЭСКЭ I Кm ЯОrв ХТЯОХв Пor mв КРО”.

TEXT 6

LТПО’Ь К ЛОКМС

For 25 years Terry Cemm was a policeman, but for the last seventeen years he has been walking up and down five miles of beach every day, looking for things that might be useful to someone. Terry’s a beachcomber.

Nearly everything in his cottage has come from the sea – chairs, tables, even tins of food. What’s the most unusual riling he has ever – found? ‘A barrel of beer just before Christmas. That was nice,’ he remembers. He finds lots of bottles with messages in them, mainly from children. They all get a reply if

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there’s an address in the bottle. Shoes? ‘If you find one, you’ll find the other the next week,’ he says.

But does he really make a living? ‘Half a living,’ he replies. I barter with a lot of things I find, and I have my police pension. But I don’t actually need

money. My life is rich in variety.’

Terry sООms Эo ЛО К ЯОrв СКppв mКn. “You have to find a way to live a simple, honest life. People spend all their lives chasing things they don’t really need. There’s so mucС аКsЭО”.

“Some people say I’m mad,’ says Terry. ‘But there are a lot more who’d like to do what I do. Look at me. I’ve got everything tСКЭ 1 МoЮХН possТЛХв аКnЭ”.

TEXT 7

Flying for a living

Cathy has made a career out of her passion. Cathy Moorhead has only ever had one job. She has never wanted to do anything but be in a hot air balloon, going where the wind takes her, listening to the birds, and watching

deer and small animals below her.

AnН sСО РОЭs pКТН Пor ТЭ, КЛoЮЭ £25,000 К вОКr. I’ЯО ЛООn ПХвТnР ЛКХХoons

since I was 10, and I have done it professionally for twelve years. I fly between 10 КnН 20 pКssОnРОrs Тn НТППОrОnЭ ЛКХХoons.’ The flights usually last an hour, and

ЭСОв Рo ОКrХв Тn ЭСО mornТnР or УЮsЭ ЛОПorО sЮnsОЭ. ‘TСО ЭrТps КrО КХаКвs mвsЭОrв ЭoЮrs,’ sСО sКвs. I nОЯОr Фnoа аСОrО аО’rО РoТnР Эo ХКnН.’

She starts work about 6 am, and works anything from 15 hours a day to nothing, ТП ЭСО аОКЭСОr Тs ЛКН. ‘АО МКn’Э ПХв ТП ТЭ’s Эoo аТnНв, ТП ЯТsТЛТХТЭв Тs poor, or ТП ТЭ’s rКТnТnР. TСО ЛКХХoon РОЭs Эoo СОКЯв КnН ЭСО pКssОnРОrs РОЭ аОЭ.’ АСКЭ’s

the best thing КЛoЮЭ ЭСО УoЛ? “The job itself. I love being out in the countryside and I hate routines. So ЭСТs Тs СОКЯОn Пor mО.”

Exercise 1

Choose one of the texts, and read it more carefully. Answer the questions.

1)Does he/she work indoors or outdoors?

2)How long has he/she been doing this job?

3)What does he/she do in his/her job?

4)What did he/she do before?

5)Does he/she do the same thing every day?

6)How much does he/she earn?

7)Why does he/she like the job?

Exercise 2

Find two partners who read the other two texts. Compare the people. Now answer the questions:

1)Who earns the most?

2)Who earns the least?

3)What sort of things has Terry found?

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4)АСв Нo TОsМo’s ОmpХoв oХНОr pОopХО?

5)How long has Cathy been flying balloons?

6)АСКЭ Тs TОrrв’s pСТХosopСв on ХТПО?

7)АСв НТНn’Э Torn pСonО аСОn СО sКа ЭСО КНЯОrЭТsОmОnЭ?

8)How many hours a day does Cathy work?

IV. Read the text. Which country (or countries) does each of the statements

Тn tСО tОбt ЫОПОЫ to? WСТМС КЫО tЫuО Тn RuЬЬТК/”Кll ovОЫ tСО аoЫlН”?

TEXT 8

How we really spend our time

Time, it seems, is аhat аe’re all short of these Нaвs. One reason perhaps, why there are thousands of studies every year into how we spend our time and

how we could spend it better. Some of the results are starling. Did you know for eбample…?

Although people all over the world are working longer and longer hours, we also have more leisure time than ever before.

After sleeping and working, watching TV is by far the most popular leisure activity the world over. The British watch more TV than any other nation in Europe, but they also read more. The vast majority, eighty-five present, regularly read newspapers, and fifty-four percent, regularly read books. But the moat reading nation in the world is Russian.

Although up to thirds of modern European women work full-time, they still do the main share of the housework, too. Husbands help in the house more than they did in the past, but in the UK, for example, men do an average of just six hours a week compared to their wives, who do over eighteen hours. No wonder that the vast majority of working women in the UK say they are stressed and exhausted!

According to the latest research by supermarkets, the average British

family spends just eleven minutes preparing the main evening meal, and prefers “rОКНв mОКХs” КnН ЭКФОКаКвs Эo СomО-cooked food. Almost half of all families

in the UK eat together only once a month or less.

More than half of young people in the UK have a full-time job by the age of nineteen, but the majority of young Spanish and Italian people do not start full-time work until they are twenty-four.

The average American Fourteen-year-old spends only half an hour a day doing homework and less than a fifth of young people participate in sports, clubs, music or other traditional hobbies. Instead, sixty-five percent say they spend their time chatting on their mobiles and hanging out with their friends in shopping malls.

In the UK, pensioners are almost twice as active as teenagers, according to recent research. People over sixty-five spend nearly two hours a day doing physical activities such as walking, cycling, gardening or sport, while teenagers

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spend only seventy-five minutes. However, surprisingly, people who use the Internet regularly do more sport than people who never use it.

The Swedes and Finns are the sportiest nationalities in Europe. Seventythree percent do some kind of sport at least once a week.

People may spend more time at work these days, but are they always working? The latest research reveals that each day the average British employee spends fifty-five minutes chatting, sixteen minutes flirting, fourteen minutes surfing the Internet and nine minutes sending e-mails to friends.

Exercise 1

Underline four things in the text that you think are surprising and interesting. Compare with your partner.

Exercise 2

Mark the following phrases S (if they both mean the same) and D (if they are different):

a)two thirds/sixty-six present;

b)the maim share of the work/most of the work;

c)an average of six hours/exactly six hours;

d)over eighteen hours/less than eighteen hours;

e)the vast majority/ninety percent;

f)almost half/fifty-two present;

g)more than half/forty-five percent;

h)a fifth/twenty percent;

i)at least twice a week/two times a week or more.

Exercise 3

What was the significance of the following numbers in what you read? Look back at the text, if necessary:

Eighty-five percent, six hours, eighteen hours, eleven minutes, twentyfour, half an hour a day, seventy-five minutes, seventy-three, fifty-five minutes, nineteen, fifty-four percent, sixty-five, nine minutes, sixteen.

Exercise 4

Retell the text in a short way without using figures and details.

Exercise 5

Retell the text in details with using numbers and facts.

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DOMESTIC CHORES

Read and translate the texts. Remember as many details as you can:

a)Retell the texts in details.

b)Sum up the following texts in 5–7 sentences.

TEXT 1

Dishwashers

Over the last fifty years housework has been made considerably easier by the invention of an increasing number of labour-saving devices and appliances, mostly electrical, which have drastically cut down the amount of time and effort previously needed to do the everyday household chores. For many years now there have been vacuum cleaners, electric irons, washing machines and floorpolishers; now we have electric potato-peelers and even electric carving knives. We can buy cookers that will switch themselves on and produce a meal that is ready to eat the minute we-get back home. If we have one of those electric popup toasters, we can make toast at the breakfast table itself. Mashed potatoes can be quickly and effortlessly made with a mixer, which usually has a variety of attachments that enable you to make all sorts of other more exotic things like fresh orange juice or real mayonnaise. And a tumble-drier can save you from the frustration of hanging out the washing only to have to bring it in again ten minutes later when menacing storm-clouds loom over.

Probably the most important piece of electrical equipment to become widely used in the last twenty years is the dishwasher. Washing up by hand is not only a time-consuming task (it can take longer than eating the meal itself), but also an extremely boring one, particularly when you are on your own, and it also ruins your hands. Dishwashers come in a range of different sizes and models to suit your purse, the size of your family, and the layout of the kitchen. They can be stood on the floor or on a worktop, or they can be mounted on a wall. And their capacity ranges from six to twelve place-settings. If you buy one, it is worth having it plumbed into the main water supply to save you having to connect robber pipes to your taps each time you use it. All you have to do is load the dirty dishes, glasses and cutlery into the racks inside the machine, pour in some special detergent powder, close the door and switch it on; it does the rest by itself while you get on and do more interesting things. Of course, most dishwashers can’t accommodate large saucepans and frying pans, and you do have to scrape all scraps of solid food from the dishes before you put them in to avoid blocking the filters, but the machine will wash almost everything else and get rid of even the most stubborn egg and lipstick stains. When the washing cycle is over, the machine dries the plates and glasses with its own heat, and indeed they can be left inside until they are needed for the next meal.

If you buy a medium-sized dishwasher, you probably won’t need to wash up more than once a day. The drawback of this, of course, is that you have to

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have enough dishes, cutlery, etc. to last three or four meals. So it can happen that people who buy a dishwasher have to buy new china and glasses, either because they haven’t got enough or because the ones they’ve got don’t fit the machine. This extra expense may not only be necessary, but also desirable, for one has to remember that dishwashers can be quite noisy. This means that many people prefer only to use their machine once a day, preferably last thing at night, when you can just shut the kitchen door on it and go to bed.

(From “Meanings into WorНs” bв AНrian Doff,

Christopher Jones and Keith Mitchell)

Exercise 1

Read the text “Dishwashers” and express your agreement or disagreement with the following claims about dishwashers:

1.They cannot be stood on the floor.

2.You can hang them on the wall.

3.You cannot use them for washing cutlery.

4.You do not need any detergent powder for washing up.

5.There is a special place in any dishwasher for large saucepans and frying pans.

6.They get rid of most stubborn stains and of scraps of solid food.

7.Hot air flowing through dishes dries them.

8.Dishwashers can be quite noisy.

Exercise 2

Work in pairs. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of having a dishwasher. One of you prefers to have it while the other is not fond of electrical appliances in general.

Exercise 3

Work in pairs. Explain to each other in your own words the advantages and disadvantages of:

1)vacuum cleaners;

2)automatic cookers;

3)electric toasters;

4)mixers.

Exercise 4

Work in groups. Give your opinion on the use of labour saving devices:

If you are in favour of this sort of appliances, use:

To make housework considerably easier; to cut down the amount of time and effort; to save one a lot of bother; labour and time consuming task; to do the everyday household chores; to switch themselves on/off; to save smb. from doing smth; extremely boring; to ruin one’s hands; can be stood on the floor or on a worktop; can be mounted on a wall; to load the dirty dishes, etc. into; the

76

racks inside the machine; pour in some detergent powder; to do the rest by itself; to dry the plates, etc.; the washing cycle; to be worth buying;

If you are not in favour of them, use:

To suit one’s purse; the layout of one’s kitchen; can’t accommodate large saucepans and frying pans; to have to scrape all scraps of solid food from the dishes; to block the filters; to have enough dishes, cutlery, etc. to fit the machine; extra expense, noisy; get out of order; to be not worth buying; to repair; to take away much useful and valuable physical activity; to need exercise.

TEXT 2

So great is our passion for doing things ourselves that we are becoming increasingly less dependent on specialized labour. No one can plead ignorance of a subject any longer, for there are countless do-it-yourself publications. Armed with the right tools and materials, newly-weds gaily embark on the task of decorating their own homes. Men of all ages spend hours of their leisure time installing their own fireplaces, laying out their own gardens; building garages and making furniture. Some really keen enthusiasts go so far as to build their own record players and radio transmitters. Shops cater for the do-it-yourself craze not only by running special advisory services for novices, but by offering consumers bits and pieces which they can assemble at home.

Wives tend to believe that their husbands are infinitely resourceful and versatile. Even husbands who can hardly drive a nail in straight are supposed to be born electricians, carpenters, plumbers and mechanics. When lights fuse, furniture gets rickety, pipes get clogged, or vacuum cleaners fail to operate, wives automatically assume that their husbands will somehow put things right. The worst thing about the do-it-yourself game is that sometimes husbands live under the delusion that they can do anything even when they have been repeatedly proved wrong. It is a question of pride as much as anything else.

(EбtraМt from “Developing Skills” bв L.G. AleбanНer)

TEXT 3

A Chapter of Accidents

“АСОrО СКЯО вoЮ ЛООn, JoСn? GooНnОss mО, Сoа smКrЭ вoЮ ХooФ! ВoЮr СКТr’s

ХoЯОХв, КnН аСКЭ СКЯО вoЮ НonО Эo ЭСО rОsЭ oП вoЮr МХoЭСОs?”

“АОХХ, I rОmОmЛОrОН, I’Н promТsОН Эo ЛЮв вoЮ К ЛoЭЭХО oП pОrПЮmО...” “So вoЮ аОnЭ Эo ЭСО МСОmТsЭ’s –”

“TСКЭ’s rТРСЭ. I РoЭ К ЛoЭЭХО oП pОrПЮmО, pЮЭ ТЭ Тn mв poМФОЭ, КnН, Кs ЭСО sЮn аКs

ЯОrв ЛrТРСЭ, I ЭСoЮРСЭ I’Н РОЭ К pКТr oП sЮn РХКssОs Кs аОХХ, onХв, Кs I ХОПЭ ЭСО sСop –” “ВoЮ МoЮХНn’Э sОО.”

“AnН I аКХФОН ТnЭo К mКn, аСo аКs НОХТЯОrТnР ТnФ Эo ЭСО sЭКЭТonОr’s.”

“So вoЮ аОrО sМКrОН oП аСКЭ I аoЮХН sКв, КnН аОnЭ Эo СКЯО вoЮr ЭroЮsОrs

77

clОКnОН.” “TСКЭ’s rТРСЭ. АОХХ, КПЭОr I ХОПЭ ЭСО Нrв-cleaner, I tripped over –”

“BОМКЮsО вoЮ аОrО Эoo ХКгв Эo СКЯО ЭСО ХoosО soХО rОpКТrОН on вoЮr rТРСЭ sСoО.” “AnН I ЛroФО onО oП ЭСО ОРРs, аСТМС аОnЭ on mв УКМФОЭ.”

“So вoЮ СКН Эo Рo ЛКМФ Эo ЭСО МХОКnОr’s”.

“ВОs, КnН ЭСОn, КПЭОr I’Н ХОПЭ mв УКМФОЭ КnН ЭСО ЛКР oП РroМОrТОs ЭСОrО, I аОnЭ Эo

ЭСО ТronmonРОr’s Пor ЭСКЭ nОа Нoor-handle we need and a bag of screws, – anyway, as I

was going out of the door, I tripped again –”

“AnН ЛroФО –”,

“Mв аКЭМС. BЮЭ ПТrsЭ oП КХХ I аОnЭ Эo ЭСО МoЛЛХОr’s КnН СКН mв soХО nКТХОН Нoаn, ЭСОn I ЭooФ ЭСО аКЭМС Эo ЭСО аКЭМС rОpКТrОr’s КnН СКН К nОа РХКss ПТЭЭОН, ЭСОn I аОnЭ Эo ЭСО ТronmonРОr’s КnН Лв ЭСО ЭТmО I МКmО ЛКМФ, ЭСОв’Н МХОКnОН КnН prОssОН mв УКМФОЭ Пor mО.” “TСКЭ аКs КХХ rТРСЭ ЭСОn –”

“ВОs, ЛЮЭ аСОn I pЮЭ ЭСО ЭСТnРs I’Н ЛoЮРСЭ Пrom ЭСО ТronmonРОr’s ТnЭo ЭСО sСop-

ping-bag –”

“ВoЮ pЮЭ ЭСОm on Эop oП ЭСО ОРРs –”

“I ХooФОН Тn ЭСО ЛКР КnН ЭooФ oЮЭ ЭСО Эаo I’Н ЛroФОn, ЛЮЭ I аКs so ЮpsОЭ I pЮЭ mв

hands to my head –”

“AnН РoЭ ОРР КХХ oЯОr вoЮr СКТr.”

“So I аОnЭ Эo ЭСО ЛКrЛОr’s КnН СКН К sСКmpoo.”

“АОХХ, КХХ’s аОХХ ЭСКЭ ОnНs аОХХ, КnН вoЮ НТН nООН smКrЭОnТnР Юp. ВoЮ ЛoЮРСЭ mО

some perfume too – what sort of scent has it got?

“АОХХ, smОХХ mв rТРСЭ-hand jacket pockОЭ, ЛЮЭ Нon’Э pЮЭ вoЮr СКnН Тn, ЛОМКЮsО ТЭ’s

ПЮХХ oП ЛroФОn РХКss!”

Exercise 1

Comprehension questions:

1.АСКЭ Тs JoСn’s аТПО sЮrprТsОН КЭ?

2.Why did John have to go to the dry-МХОКnОr’s Пor ЭСО ПТrsЭ ЭТmО?

3.Why did he have to return there for the second time?

4.Why did he trip?

5.АСв НТН JoСn НОМТНО Эo Рo Эo ЭСО аКЭМС rОpКТrОr’s?

6.What did they do at the dry-МХОКnОr’s?

7.JoСn аОnЭ Эo ЭСО ЛКrЛОr’s, НТНn’Э СО?

8.What happened at the end of the story? Where do you think John will have to go again?

TEXT 4

Hoа аО kОpt motСОЫ’Ь НКв

After S. Leacock

АО НОМТНОН Эo СКЯО К spОМТКХ МОХОЛrКЭТon oП MoЭСОr’s DКв. АО ЭСoЮРСЭ ТЭ a fine idea. It made us realize how much Mother had done for us for years, and

all the efforts and sacrifices that she had made for our sake.

So аО НОМТНОН ЭСКЭ аО’Н mКФО ТЭ К РrОКЭ НКв, К СoХТНКв Пor КХХ ЭСО ПКmТХв, and do everything we could to make Mother happy. Father decided to take a hol-

78

iday from his office, so as to help in celebrating the day, and my sister Ann and I stayed home from college classes, Mary and my brother Will stayed home from High School.

It was our plan to make it a day just like Christmas or any big holiday, and so decided to decorate the house with flowers.

We asked Mother to do it, because she always does it.

The two girls thought it would be a nice thing to dress in our best for such a big occasion, and so they both got new hats. Father had bought silk ties for himself and us boys. We were going to get Mother a new hat too, but it turned out that she liked her old hat better than a new one.

After breakfast we decided that we would hire a motor car and take Mother for a beautiful drive away into the country. Mother is never able to go to the country because she is busy in the house all the time.

But on the very morning of the day we changed the plan a little bit. We all felt that it would be nicer to have a definite purpose. It turned out that Father had just got a new rod the day before, and he said that Mother could use it if she wanted to: in fact, he said it was practically for her, only Mother said she would rather watch him fish than fish herself.

So we got everything arranged for the trip. We asked Mother to cut some sandwiches and make up a sort of lunch in case we got hungry. Mother packed it all up in a basket for us ready to go to the car.

When the car came to the door, it turned out that there was no room in it for us all. Father said he could stay at home; he said that there was a lot of work

in the garden that he could do. He wanted us to go right ahead and be happy. Of

МoЮrsО аО НТНn’Э аКnЭ Эo ХОЭ FКЭСОr sЭКв КЭ СomО. TСО РТrХs sКТН ЭСКЭ MoЭСОr СКН onХв sКв ЭСО аorН КnН ЭСОв’Н РХКНХв sЭКв КЭ СomО КnН аorФ.

So in the end it was decided that Mother would stay home and have a lonely restful day round the hoЮsО, КnН mКФО ЭСО НТnnОr. MoЭСОr НoОsn’Э ХТФО

fishing, and also it was a little cold and fresh out of doors and Father was rather afraid that Mother might take cold if she came. We said good-bye to Mother and drove away. Mother stood and watched us as long as she could see us.

We had a very happy day up among the hills. It was quite late when we came back, but Mother had guessed that we would be late, so she kept the dinner so as to have it just nicely ready and hot for us. She had to get up and down a good bit during the meal, fetching things back and forward. The dinner lasted a long while, and when it was over all of us wanted to help to clear the things away and wash the dishes. But Mother said that she would do it herself, and so we let her.

It was quite late when it was all over, and when we all kissed Mother before going to bed she said it had been the most wonderful day in her life, and I think there were tears in her eyes.

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TEXT 5 Domestic service

(by Michelle Mayman)

Read David Woodthorpe’s latest conference diary here...

In 1900, Queen Victoria was still on the throne and there were 1.8m people in domestic service. More than a century later and things have moved on... or have they?

Today one in 10 households employ domestic help. The sector is believed to be worth more than £11bn.

Cleaners, nannies, gardeners and someone to tackle the ironing are top of the home help list.

We have 62,000 cleaners in the North West alone. Dual income homes

As income goes up enjoyment of housework goes down and one-in-three dual income homes employ help.

It is a good job not everyone sees housework as a chore.

Sharon Tomlinson cleans with the Pot Pourri Agency: “I came back to

work after looking after the children. They are all in school now”.

“I nООНОН Эo РОЭ oЮЭ КnН mООЭ pОopХО – I enjoy meeting people and I was

УЮsЭ sЭЮМФ КЭ СomО НoТnР mв oаn СoЮsОаorФ.”

“IЭ Тs qЮТЭО sКЭТsПвТnР МomТnР Эo К СoЮsО аСТМС Тs К ЛТЭ oП К mОss КnН ХОКv- ing it niМО КnН МХОКn.”

So аСКЭ Тs аronР аТЭС СТrТnР К “ХТЭЭХО ХКНв аСo НoОs”?

Gender inequality

Well the majority of domestic workers are indeed female and that is one of the problems that Dr Rosie Cox from BirkbeckCollege, University of London, has with domestic service.

Dr Cox highlights gender inequalities all the way up the line from the cleaners paid cash in hand to the successful high earning women who still do more than their fair share of housework – even when they have a partner at home.

Sharon Tomlinson, for one, does not have an issue with the idea that she is serving someone else’s needs: “You have a busy day and you need help with your housework I cannot see anything wrong with it.”

Nevertheless, Dr Cox points a finger at government policy. She says the retreat of the welfare state as an issue, particularly when it comes to elder care and childcare.

Dr Cox says parents are forced to employ home help because state nurseries simply are not open for long enough.

So just how much progress have we made in the last Century? Tell us what you think.

Join Jon Sopel and Annabel Tiffin on The Politics Show, Sunday 23 September 2007, BBC One at 12:00 BST.

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