Brain Tumor Imaging
Oliver Bähr, Joachim P. Steinbach, and Michael Weller
Contents
1 |
Introduction |
1 |
|
|
1.1 |
Overview |
1 |
2 |
Clinical Management |
2 |
|
3 |
Glial Tumors |
2 |
|
|
3.1 |
Focal Glial and Glioneuronal Tumors |
|
|
|
Versus Diffuse Gliomas |
2 |
|
3.2 |
Low-Grade Versus High-Grade Gliomas |
3 |
|
3.3 |
Astrocytomas Versus Oligodendroglial Tumors |
3 |
|
3.4 |
Low-Grade Glioma (WHO Grade II) |
3 |
|
3.5 |
Anaplastic Glioma (WHO Grade III) |
4 |
|
3.6 |
Glioblastoma (WHO Grade IV) |
5 |
4 |
Primary CNS Lymphomas |
6 |
|
5 |
Metastatic Tumors of the CNS |
6 |
|
References |
7 |
||
Abstract
The variety of brain tumors with different histology, localization, age distribution, and prognosis might be confusing. The WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous system (2007) includes more than 100 different entities (Louis et al. 2007). The comparison of primary brain and CNS tumors by site and by histology facilitates a first insight (Ostrom et al. 2014). Moreover, this reflects the incidence rates of specific brain tumors. Besides metastatic tumors of the CNS, meningeal tumors and glioma account for more than 60 % of all primary brain tumors. Regarding malignant tumors, gliomas even represent 80 % of all primary brain tumors. From 45 years of age and older, meningioma is the most frequent and glioblastoma the second most frequent brain tumor. In children and adolescents, pilocytic astrocytoma and embryonal tumors are more relevant (Ostrom et al. 2014).
O. Bähr (*) • J.P. Steinbach
Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Cancer Center, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
e-mail: oliver.baehr@med.uni-frankfurt.de; joachim.steinbach@med.uni-frankfurt.de
M. Weller
Department of Neurology,
University Hospital Zurich,
Zurich, Switzerland
1Introduction
1.1Overview
The variety of brain tumors with different histology, localization, age distribution, and prognosis might be confusing. The WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous system (2007) includes more than 100 different entities (Louis et al. 2007). The comparison of primary brain and CNS tumors by site and by histology facilitates a first insight (Ostrom et al. 2014). Moreover, this reflects the incidence rates of specific brain tumors. Besides metastatic tumors of the CNS, meningeal tumors and glioma account for more than 60 % of all primary brain tumors. Regarding malignant tumors, gliomas even represent 80 % of all primary brain tumors. From 45 years of age and older, meningioma is the most frequent and glioblastoma the second most frequent brain tumor. In children and adolescents, pilocytic astrocytoma and embryonal tumors are more relevant (Ostrom et al. 2014).
E. Hattingen, U. Pilatus (eds.), Brain Tumor Imaging, |
1 |
Med Radiol Radiat Oncol (2016)
DOI 10.1007/174_2016_1072, © Springer Berlin Heidelberg