of Atlas
ultrasound musculoskeletal anatomy
22
Axilla
(Figures 23–27)
This pyramidal space contains important neurovascular structures (axillary vessels and the cords of the brachial plexus), and lymph nodes. It communicates at its apex with the posterior triangle of the neck.
•Anterior wall: anterior axillary fold containing pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, subclavius.
•Posterior wall: subscapularis, latissimus dorsi and teres major from above downwards.
•Medial wall: serratus anterior and underlying chest wall.
•Lateral wall: bicipital groove of humerus.
The clavicle, scapula and the outer aspect of the first rib form the apex.
Subscapularis
•Origin: medial two-thirds of the costal surface of the scapula.
•Insertion: lesser tuberosity of the humerus.
Notes
Chest
Axilla
FIG. 23 |
LS of axilla, arm externally rotated and abducted |
|
|
|
Deltoid muscle |
Axillary artery |
|
|
Superior |
Inferior |
|
|
|
Subscapularis |
|
Humeral head |
|
FIG. 24 |
LS of axilla |
|
23
of Atlas
ultrasound musculoskeletal anatomy
FIG. 25 TS of axilla, arm externally rotated and abducted
Cords of brachial plexus |
Axillary vein |
Axillary artery
Subscapularis
muscle
Lateral |
Medial |
Humeral head hyaline cartilage
FIG. 26 TS of axilla
24
Axillary artery |
Brachial plexus |
Axillary vein |
Deltoid |
|
Coracobrachialis |
Subscapularis |
Lateral |
Medial |
|
Humeral head |
FIG. 27 TS of axilla |
|
Chest
Axilla
25
