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ɋɟɤɰɢɹ Ɋ ɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɟɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɤɥ ɞɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ
Ɋɢɫ Ɉɞɢɧ ɢɡ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɬɟɫɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ
ɉɨ ɧɚɲɟɦɭ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɧɚ ɡɚɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɩɪɚɜɨɫɬɨ ɪɨɧɧɟɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɦɟɫɬɨɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɤ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɬɨɱɟɤ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɥɢɧɢɣ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ > @ Ʉɚɤ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɪɨɞɚ ɢɥɥɸɡɨɪɧɵɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɜɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɛɵɥ ɨɩɢɫɚɧ Ɇɸɥɥɟɪɨɦ ɢ
Ʌɟɣɟɪɨɦ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ ɪɢɫ ɇɚ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɞɥɢɧɵ ɨɬɪɟɡɤɚ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ
ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɬɨɱɤɚɦɢ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɧɟɪɚɜɧɵɟ ɦɧɢɦɵɟ ɨɬɪɟɡ ɤɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹ ɩɟɪɜɵɦɢ ɜ ɤɨɪɬɟɠɟ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɣ ɢ ɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɟ ɧɚ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɤɨɪɬɟɠɚ ɉɪɢ ɜɡɜɟɲɢɜɚ ɧɢɢ ɢɥɥɸɡɨɪɧɵɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦɵɦɢ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹɦɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɪɢɬɢ ɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɬɨɱɤɚɦɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɝɥɚɜ ɧɵɦɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɟɫɨɦɵɦɢ ȼɚɠɧɨ ɢ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɞɚɧɧɨɟ ɝɥɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɟɣ ɩɟ ɪɟɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ ɫɜɟɪɯɭ ɜɧɢɡ ɫɥɟɜɚ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɨ ɢ ɨɬ ɫɟɛɹ ɜ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɭ ɩɨ ɧɚɲɢɦ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɭ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɩɪɨ ɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɝɨɞɚɦ ɠɢɡɧɢ
ȼɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɧɚ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɯ ɮɢɝɭɪ ɢɥ ɥɸɡɢɹ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɪɨɫɬɨɦ ɞɥɢɧɵ ɤɨɫɵɯ ɥɢɧɢɣ ɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɭɝɥɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɨɫɨɣ ɢ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɥɢɧɢɹɦɢ ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɷɬɭ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɦɨɠ ɧɨ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɮɢɝɭɪ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ
Ɋɢɫ ɂɥɥɸɡɢɹ Ɇɸɥɥɟɪɚ Ʌɟɣɟɪɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹO ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɪɚɜɧɵɦɢ
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ɋɟɤɰɢɹ Ɋ ɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɟɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɤɥ ɞɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ
Ɋɢɫ Ƚɥɚɜɧɵɟ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɭ ɜɡɜɟɲɢɜɚɧɢɹ
Ɋɢɫ Ʌɟɜɚɹ ɮɢɝɭɪɚ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɥɟ ɦɟɧɬ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɞɥɢɧɧɵɦ
ɇɚ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɞɥɢɧ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɦɢ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɨɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɬɨɱɟɤ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɮɢɝɭɪ ɪɢɫ Ɂɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɩɪɢ ɨɫɦɨɬɪɟ ɮɢɝɭɪ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɤɚɤɨɦ ɥɢɛɨ ɮɨɧɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɬɨɱɤɚɦɢ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɟ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɡɚɦɤɧɭɬɨɫɬɶɸ Ɍɚɤɨɝɨ ɪɨɞɚ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ ɰɜɟɬ ɮɨɧɚ ɜ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɥɭɱɢɥɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɧɢɦɵɯ ɇɚ ɪɢɫ ɦɧɢɦɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɞɢɚɦɟɬ ɪɚɦɢ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɢɥɥɸɡɨɪɧɵɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ȼ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɨɬ ɩɪɚ ɜɨɣ ɮɢɝɭɪɵ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɬɨɱɤɚ ɥɟɜɨɣ ɮɢɝɭɪɵ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɚ ɜ ɤɨɪɬɟɠɟ ɡɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɉɨɞɜɨɞɹ ɢɬɨɝ ɫɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɢɥɥɸɡɨɪɧɵɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɜ ɨɰɟɧɤɟ
ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɦɟɫɬɨɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɬɨɱɟɤ ɧɚ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɨɣ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɤɚɪɬɢɧɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɜɵɜɨɞ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ ɪɟɡɭɥɶ ɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɧɟɟ Ɏɢɲɟɪɨɦ )LVKHU * +
Ɋɢɫ ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɦɧɢɦɵɯ ɮɢɝɭɪ ɧɚ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɞɥɢɧ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ
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ɋɟɤɰɢɹ Ɋ ɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɟɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɤɥ ɞɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ
Ɋɢɫ Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɵ ɫɥɟɜɚ ɤɨɩɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɦɢ ɨɬɪɟɡɤɚ ɞɥɢɧɨɣ ɦɦ > @
Ʌɢɬɟɪ ɬɭɪ
ɒɚɩɨɜɚɥ Ⱥ ȼ Ɉɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɷɫɬɟɬɢɤɚ ɜ ɩɨɫɬɢɧɞɭɫɬɪɢ ɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɹ Ⱥ ȼ ɒɚɩɨɜɚɥ ɇ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ɇɇȽȺɋɍ ɫ
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ɋɟɤɰɢɹ Ɋ ɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɟɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɤɥ ɞɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ
ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞ ɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɪ ɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɢɧɧɨɜ ɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢ ɥ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɧ ɭɱɧɨ ɨ ɪ ɡɨɜ ɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɩɟɞ ɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɭɡ
ȿ Ⱥ ɒɦɟɥɟɜɚ ɒɭɣɫɤɢɣ ɮɢɥɢɚɥ ɂɜȽɍ Ʌ Ⱦ Ɇɚɥɶɰɟɜɚ ɒɭɣɫɤɢɣ ɮɢɥɢɚɥ ɂɜȽɍ ɇ ɘ ɉɪɢɹɬɤɢɧɚ ɒɭɣɫɤɢɣ ɮɢɥɢɚɥ ɂɜȽɍ
ɂɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɜɟɤɬɨɪ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɟɣ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɊɎ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɞɨ ɝɨɞɚ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜɡɝɥɹɞɨɜ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɂɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɤ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɭɡɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɯɚɪɚɤ ɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɜ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜ ɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸ ɳɢɯ ɟɟ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɝɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɟɧɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɫɨɡ ɞɚɧɢɸ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɸ ɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɸ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɚɦɨɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɢ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɣ ɪɨɫɬ ɤɚɤ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɟɞɚ ɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚ ɥɚ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɦɨɥɨɞɵɯ ɭɱɟɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚ ɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɬɚɩɨɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ
ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ȼ Ⱥ Ʉɪɭɱɢɧɢɧ ɢ Ɇ ȼ Ʉɚɥɬɚɟɜɚ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɸɬ ɤɚɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɢ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ ɜɭɡɚ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɧɚ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɢ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɸ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɭɪɨɜ ɧɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ > @ ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɦɵ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦ ɤɚɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɨɜ ɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɧɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɜɨɡɧɢ ɤɚɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ > @
Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɢɧɧɨ ɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɨɛ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹ
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ɋɟɤɰɢɹ Ɋ ɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɟɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɤɥ ɞɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ
ɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɬ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɢɡɛɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɢɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɨɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɣ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɚɤ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɢɧɧɨ ɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɬɢ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɟ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨ ɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜ ɫɬɚɬɭɫɚ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɚ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɬɨɪɚ ɨɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɟɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɧɬ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɟɞɚ ɝɨɝɚ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɬɨɪɚ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɫɵɥɤɢ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨɫɬɢ ɟɝɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨ ɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɩɟɞɜɭɡɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɢɣ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ ɦɨɞɭɥɢ
Ⱦɢ ɝɧɨɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɦɨɞɭɥɶ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɧɚ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢ ɫɬɢɤ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɚ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɬɨɪɚ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɳɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɟɝɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɢ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚ ɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɧɭɸ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɸ ɧɚ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɸ ɤ ɭɫɩɟɯɭ ɝɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɤ ɪɢɫɤɭ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɨ ɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ ɨɛɳɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɤ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢ ɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɰɟɥɟɜɵɯ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɣ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɬ ɞ
Ɉɛɭɱ ɸɳɢɣ ɦɨɞɭɥɶ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɧɚ ɨɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɫɭɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɞɚ ɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞ ɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɨ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɯ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɯ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɢɧ ɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ
ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɤɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɫɢ ɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɡɚɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɬɢɤɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɣ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧ ɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɤɪɟɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ
ɪɨɥɶ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɢɞɵ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɤɚ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɫɬɢ
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ɋɟɤɰɢɹ Ɋ ɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɟɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɤɥ ɞɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ
ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɢɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɭɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɣ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɚ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɬɨɪɚ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɢɤɬɨɪɵ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨɣ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɪ ɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɧɨɜɚ ɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɪɭɩɩɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɧɨ ɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɥɢɞɟɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
ɂɫɯɨɞɧɵɦ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɥɢɱ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɭɡɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɫɨɰɢ ɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɱɬɨ ɧɚɲɥɨ ɫɜɨɟ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɯ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɯ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧ ɂɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɜ ɨɛ ɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɬɢɤɚ ɇɚɭɱɧɨ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɲɤɨ ɥɟ Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɮɚɧɞɪɚɣ ɡɢɧɝ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɬɚɪɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɛɚɤɚɥɚɜɪɨɜ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɨɜ ɚɫɩɢɪɚɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪɫɤɨ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ
Ɏɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ ɦɨɞɭɥɶ Ⱦɥɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɭɡɚ ɢɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɜɥɚɞɟɬɶ ɤɨɦɩɟ ɬɟɧɰɢɹɦɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
ɨɛɳɟɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɵɦɢ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɢɦɱɢɜɨɫɬɶ ɤ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɹɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɤ ɨɫɦɵɫɥɟɧɢɸ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧ ɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɝɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɤ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɸ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɣ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɨɬɞɟɥɶ ɧɵɯ ɷɬɚɩɨɜ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɢ ɝɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɤ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɢɧɧɨ ɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɟɺ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧ ɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɛɚɤɚɥɚɜɪɨɜ ɢ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ
ȼ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɨɛɳɟɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧ ɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɣ ɦɵ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɦ ɝɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɤ ɢɧ ɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɧɚ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚ ɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɦɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɢɧɧɨ ɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɧɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɜɵɤɨɜ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɵɲ ɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɜ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɟ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɨ ɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɜ ɤɨɦɮɨɪɬɧɭɸ ɫɪɟɞɭ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɠɢɡɧɟɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
Ⱥɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɩɟɞɜɭɡɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ
ɋɟɤɰɢɹ Ɋ ɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɟɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɤɥ ɞɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ
ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɧɚɰɟɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɧɚ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ ɭɦɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɣ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ Ⱥɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ ɨɫɧɨɜɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚɯ ɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɨɬɛɨɪɭ ɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢɪɨ ɜɚɧɢɸ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɭɱɟɛɧɨ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɜɵɛɨɪɭ ɮɨɪɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɬɪɟ ɧɢɧɝɨɜ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɤɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ Ɉɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɨɬ ɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɦ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧ ɰɢɚɥɚ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɜɭɡɚ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟɦ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɦɨ ɬɢɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɢ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɷɬɚɩɨɜ
Ɇɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ ɰɟɥɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɫɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɪɚɡ ɜɢɬɢɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɤ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɟ ɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɬɢɤɢ ɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɛɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɩɟɯɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɹɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬ ɧɵɯ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɣ ɝɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɬɶ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɩɟɞɚɝɨ ɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɤɨɝɧɢɬɢɜɧɨ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɢ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶ ɧɨ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹɯ
ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫ ɫɚ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɢ ɩɪɟɞ ɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧ
ɚ ɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɟ ɜ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚ ɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɨɛ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɟ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɞɟɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɧɬɚɯ ɨɛ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɨɛ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɢ ɞɟɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɧɬɚɯ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɟ ɧɚ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɦɵɲɥɟ ɧɢɟ ɢ ɬ ɞ ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɚɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɢ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɫɭɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɣ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɛ ɡɧɚ ɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ ɫɬɟɣ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɮɨɪɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ ɩɪɢɟɦɨɜ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɡɚɤɨ ɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɚ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɤɟ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɢɦɚɬɚ ɜ ɲɤɨɥɟ ɜ ɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɬɢɤɢ ɤɚɤ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɮɟɧɨ
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ɋɟɤɰɢɹ Ɋ ɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɟɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɤɥ ɞɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ
ɦɟɧɚ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɟɟ ɡɚɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɧɚɛɨɪɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɩɫɢɯɨ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɚ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɬɨɪɚ
ȼ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɜɯɨɞɹɬ ɭɱɟɛɧɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɵ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ
ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɂɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɂɧɧɨɜɚɰɢ ɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɢ ɇɚɭɱ ɧɨ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɲɤɨɥɟ ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɬɢɤɚ ɉɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɦ ɩɨ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɉɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɦ ɩɨ ɜɨɥɨɧɬɟɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹ ɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɞɪ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɣ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɉɫɢ ɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɂɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɮɟɫ ɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɬɢɤɚ Ⱥɤɦɟɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɢ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɨɟ ɪɚɡ ɜɢɬɢɟ
ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɚɫɩɢɪɚɧɬɭɪɵ ɷɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɤɭɪɫɵ ɉɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɢɧ ɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɨɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶ ɬɚɬɨɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ɋɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɹ ɜɵɫɲɟɣ ɲɤɨɥɵ ɢ ɞɪ
ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɉɉɋ Ɇɟ ɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɮɚɧɞɪɚɣɡɢɧɝ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɬɚɪɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɂɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɜ ɧɚɭɤɟ ɢ ɜɵɫɲɟɣ ɲɤɨ ɥɟ ɭɱɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɢ ɇɚɭɱɧɨ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɲɤɨɥɟ
Ⱦɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɧɨ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɜɧɟɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɦɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚ ɦɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɵɦ ɜɢɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ Ɉɧ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɨɜ ɢ ɦɚɫɬɟɪ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɦɨɥɨɞɟɠɧɵɯ ɢɧɢɰɢɚɬɢɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚ ɧɢɹ ɛɚɧɤɚ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ ɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɪɬ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɜ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚɯ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ ɨɥɢɦɩɢɚɞɚɯ ɜɵɫɬɚɜɤɚɯ ɢ ɮɨɪɭɦɚɯ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚɯ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɹɯ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɜɨ ȼɇɂɄ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɢ ɢɯ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨ ɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɨɩɵɬɨɦ
ɋɟɤɰɢɹ Ɋ ɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɟɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɤɥ ɞɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ
Ɉɰɟɧɨɱɧɨ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɮɨɪɦɢ ɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɭɦɟɧɢɣ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɵɲ ɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ɤ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ ɜ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɪɚɡ ɜɢɬɢɹ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜ Ⱦɥɹ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɣ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɦɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɵ ɢ ɚɩɪɨɛɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨ ɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɢ Ƚɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɤ ɢɧ ɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɢ ɈɈɉ ȼɉɈ ɛɚɤɚɥɚɜɪɢɚɬɚ ɢ ɦɚ ɝɢɫɬɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɤɨ ɬɨɪɨɦ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɢ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɢ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɵɩɭɫɤɧɢɤɚ ɟɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɞɟɫɤɪɢɩɬɨɪɵ ɢ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɭɟɦɵɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɢ ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɭɬɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟ ɧɢɹ ɟɟ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɭɫɩɟɜɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɢ ɢɬɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɚɬɬɟɫɬɚɰɢɣ ɟɟ ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɨɰɟɧɨɱɧɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ
Ʌɢɬɟɪ ɬɭɪ
Ʉɪɭɱɢɧɢɧ ȼ Ⱥ ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚ ȼ Ⱥ Ʉɪɭɱɢɧɢɧ Ɇ ȼ Ʉɚɥɬɚɟɜɚ ȼɵɫɲɟɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ʋ ɋ
ɒɦɟɥɟɜɚ ȿ Ⱥ Ɋɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɭɡɚ ɞɢɫ « ɞ ɪɚ ɩɫɢɯɨɥ ɧɚɭɤ ɒɦɟɥɟɜɚ ȿ Ⱥ ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ ɫ
ɂɧɞɢɜɢɞɭ ɥɶɧɨ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɨ ɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɟ ɧ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɭ
Ɉ ȼ ɒɭɪɵɝɢɧɚ ɇɇȽȺɋɍ
Ʉɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɵ ɩɪɢɫɭɳɢ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɨɮɟɫ ɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɇɨ ɨɫɨɛɨ ɨɫɬɪɨ ɨɧɢ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɬ ɤ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɩɨɞ ɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɶ ɦɨɥɨɞɨɟ ɩɨɤɨɥɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɜ ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨ ɦɟɧɹɸɳɟɦɫɹ ɫɨɰɢɭɦɟ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɚɬɵ ɜɚɬɶ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɢ ɧɪɚɜɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɵ ɚ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɜɫɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɹ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬ ɫɜɨɟ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ
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ɋɟɤɰɢɹ Ɋ ɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɟɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɤɥ ɞɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ
ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɱɬɨ ɭɫɥɨɠɧɹɟɬ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɪɟɞɚ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɨɝɟɧɧɚ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɟ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɜ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɦɢɪ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɹ ɢɯ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɷɪɭɞɢɰɢɢ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɠɢɡɧɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɵɯ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɨɥɟɣ > @ ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɤɚɤ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ ȿ ɂ ɋɬɟɩɚɧɨɜ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨ ɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɧɚɪɚɫɬɚɸɳɟɣ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɪɚɦ ɤɢ ɧɚɣɞɹ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ > ɫ @
Ɇɧɨɝɢɟ ɭɱɟɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɜɭ ɡɚɯ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɭ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɢɯ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɢ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞ ɥɢɜɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɬ ɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ Ʉɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɭ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɝɧɢɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨɟ ɜɨɫ ɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɚ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɸ ɢ ɫɚɦɨɪɟ ɝɭɥɹɰɢɸ ɜ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɨɛɴ ɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨɣ ɢ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ȼ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶ ɬɭɪɵ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚ ɦɵ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɦ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɦɨɬɢ ɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɢ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɧɵɣ
Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɧɚɲɢɯ ɢɫ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ ɱɬɨ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɨɜ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɢɧɞɢ ɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɪɟɞɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɬɟɦɩɟ ɪɚɦɟɧɬ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɦɨɬɢɜɵ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ
ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɦɟɧɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɦɟɠɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɚɯ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɯ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ Ⱥ ɂ Ⱥɧɰɭɩɨɜ Ⱥ ə ɒɢɩɢɥɨɜ Ɉ ɇ Ƚɪɨɦɨɜɚ ȿ ɇ Ȼɨ ɝɞɚɧɨɜ ȼ Ƚ Ɂɚɡɵɤɢɧ ɋ ȼ Ȼɚɤɥɚɧɨɜɫɤɢɣ 3 +HLJO
Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɦɟɧɬ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɜɲɟɟɫɹ ɜ ɥɢɱɧɨɦ ɨɩɵɬɟ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɝɟɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɟɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɢ ɜ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɫɬɢɥɶ ɟɝɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɦɟɧɬ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɩɨɞɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɦ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ > @
Ɉɫɧɨɜɭ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɦɟɧɬɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɂ ɉ ɉɚɜɥɨɜɚ ɨ ɬɢɩɚɯ ɧɟɪɜ ɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɢ ɜɵɫɲɟɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɋɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
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