книги / Basic course of english for students of technical universities

4. The East End grew with the spread of industries to the east of the City, and the growth of the port of London. It is one of those areas of London where people from abroad have come to find work. The East End is especially famous as the centre of the clothing industry in London.

2.а) Name the number of the paragraph where Participle I is used in the function of attribute. Write out the sentence and translate it into Russian.

b) Define the functions of Participle I in the following sentences. Translate them into Russian.

1.The Houses of Parliament, standing on the left bank of the river Thames, are not very old buildings.

2.Being situated on the river Thames, London is also a large port.

3.All around London there are plaques marking houses where famous people lived.

3. Find the sentence with the Past Continuous Tense.

1.They went to Hyde Park last Sunday.

2.Crowds of people were listening or asking questions at the "Speaker's Corner" when we came.

3.They are going to visit the British Museum.

4.Name the number of the sentence where Participle II is used in the function of an attribute. Translate it into Russian.

1.The City occupied by many banks and offices is the financial center of London.

2.Trafalgar Square was made to commemorate the victory of Admiral Nelson at Trafalgar.

3.Many famous people are buried in Westminster Abbey.

5.Find the sentence with the Present Perfect Tense.

1.Last year I spent two weeks in London.

2.I have just come from London.

3.I was in London two years ago.

71

6.Find the English equivalent to the Russian sentence.

Он только что приехал из Лондона.

1.Не arrived from London a few minutes ago.

2.He had arrived from London by 6 o'clock.

3.He has just arrived from London.

7.Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the adjective.

1.Oxford Street is … (popular, more popular, the most popular) shopping centre in London.

2.The City is … (old, older, the oldest) part of London.

3.London is … (large, larger, the largest) than Liverpool.

Variant 4

1. Read the text and find the answers to the questions:

1.Where is the Kremlin situated?

2.What places of interest do you know in Moscow?

MOSCOW

1. Moscow is the capital of Russia. It is one of the oldest Russian cities. Moscow was founded in 1147 by prince Yuri Dolgoruky.

2. Moscow became the capital of the young Soviet Republic in 1918. Now it's the largest political, scientific and cultural centre. The

population of Moscow is about 10 million people. There are more than 80 institutes of higher education in Moscow. The Moscow State University is the centre of our educational system.

72

3.There are many places of interest in Moscow. The Kremlin standing on the bank of the Moscow River is the oldest part of the city. It was built under the tzar Ivan III in the fifteenth century. Moscow is famous for its theatres and museums. The Bolshoi and Maly theatres, the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, the Tretyakov Gallery, the Andrey Rublev Museum and others are well known all over the world.

4.The Moscow Metro is comfortable and very fast. The first line of the Moscow Metro was constructed in 1935. Since that time Muscovites have built many new lines and terminals.

2.а) Name the number of the paragraph where Participle I is used in the function of attribute. Write out the sentence and translate it into Russian.

b) Define the functions of Participle I in the following sentences. Translate them into Russian.

1.The Kremlin standing on the bank of the Moscow River is the oldest part of Moscow.

2.Being a large cultural centre Moscow attracts a lot of tourists.

3.Facing Pushkin Square there is the cinema-house "Pushkinsky" built in 1961.

3. Find the sentence with the Future Continuous Tense.

1.They were visiting the Tretyakov Gallery when we met them.

2.They are visiting the Tretyakov Gallery now.

3.They will be visiting the Tretyakov Gallery between two and four

o'clock.

4.Name the number of the sentence where Participle II is used in the function of an attribute. Translate it into Russian.

1.They have lived in Moscow since 1985.

2.Moscow founded by Yuri Dolgoruky is one of the oldest Russian cities.

3.The towers along the Kremlin wall were built in the 15th century.

73

5.Find the sentence with the Present Perfect Tense.

1.They have never been to Moscow.

2.They visited Moscow last summer.

3.They were in Moscow two years ago.

6.Find the English equivalent to the Russian sentence.

Они уже побывали в Третьяковской галерее.

1.They often visit the Tretyakov Gallery.

2.They visited the Tretyakov Gallery last Sunday.

3.They have already visited the Tretyakov Gallery.

7.Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the adjective.

1.The Kremlin is … (great, greater, the greatest) monument of Russian culture and art.

2.Red Square is … (beautiful, more beautiful, the most beautiful) place in Moscow.

3.Kiev is … (old, older, the oldest) than Moscow.

74

UNIT3. EDUCATIONAL SPACE

Part 1. The System of Higher Professional Education

in Foreign Countries

Exercise 1. Read the text and complete the table using additional sources of information.

The System of Higher Education of the UK

In England the structure of higher education is represented by university colleges, universities, higher colleges, polytechnic institutes. For the most effective training it is recommended to visit the country from a young age, choose primary education in the UK and adapt to the local educational system. Students study in more than 180 institutions of various levels and specializations. The lion's share of universities is in the country to universities. There are more than a hundred of them in Britain. Formation of educational policy in the country is carried out by universities. The state controls the quality of the work of teaching staff. One of the

75

monitoring tools is the RAE research, its purpose is to determine the conformity of university programs to high educational standards. Also, the quality control function of education lies with QAA. The organization encourages educational institutions to improve programs, monitors compliance with requirements for institutions.

Education in the UK, according to the model adopted here, is a twostage one. On the bachelor, students from Northern Ireland, Wales, England study for 3 years. In Scotland, four-year programs are offered. Students who graduate from the course receive a First Degree. Among gradu- ates-bachelors in the UK, about 10 % are foreigners.

The master's program assumes a one-year course. The share of foreign students in universities reaches 45 %. The last stage of higher education in Britain is doctoral studies. Three-year training ends with the defense of the thesis.

Admission to the baccalaureate in the country is centralized, carried out through the UCAS system. The applicant can submit his application form in 6 institutions. UCAS has been working electronically since 2006. Consider the applications of applicants until June. Sending questionnaires to foreigners is recommended until December of the year preceding the year of study. When receiving a positive response from several universities, the student must decide, by July, where he will study. He receives a confirmation of his enrollment in August. UCAS does not accept applications from part-time students, evening people. When choosing one of these (or mixed) forms of education, the documents are submitted directly to the selected institution.

Admission to the course is based on the results of A-level or IB. You can take courses on the program. Schools working on IB, there are in a number of countries in the world, including in Russia. The international certificate allows the applicant to enter the university without taking additional tests. The higher the IB score, the greater the chances of studying at the priority faculty at the chosen university.

To prepare for university enrollment in England, another Foundation program is provided, which is obtained after the main secondary education in Britain. Such courses are offered by international colleges (for example, Bellerbys College, issuing a certificate recognized by 50 educa-

76

tional institutions of the country). In Scotland, the SIFP program at the University of Glasgow is popular.

The course of preparation for the university presupposes language training (its result is a sufficient score for IELTS – up to 7.0), the systematization, the repetition of school knowledge, the study of special disciplines and subjects (philosophical, business direction, management, etc.). Also, students master academic skills, practice writing essays, lecturing, drawing up reports, preparing and defending abstracts.

Preparatory courses are offered in the UK full-time and remote. Online technologies significantly expand the capabilities of modern students.

Higher education institutions in Great Britain

Each higher education institution has its own characteristics. University College from the University differs mainly in size. In the educational institution, a limited number of faculties are offered to students' attention. But at the same time in most university colleges there are strong enough scientific centers. Diplomas issued by institutions are listed in the world.

Polytechnic institutes are distinguished by the training of technical specialists. Every year the line between polytechnics and classical universities is eroding more and more. Modern technical universities are called "the newest". They are distinguished by high quality of teaching and academic preparation of students.

Higher colleges specialize in the preparation of bachelors. They are more often divided in the directions. In Britain there are musical, theatrical, pedagogical, other colleges.

The main link of the educational system of the country is represented by universities. They are divided into 3 categories. The first includes Cambridge and Oxford founded in the Middle Ages, the universities of Glasgow, Edinburgh, Aberdeen, St. Andrews. The second group is represented by the universities of the XIX century, known as "red brick". These are the educational institutions of Liverpool, Manchester, Bristol, Reading, a number of other industrial cities. Many of the educational institutions of the group are among the most prestigious in the country. The third group is the universities of the twentieth century. Among them there

77

are also universities with an impeccable reputation, in particular the Warwick educational institution.

In the UK, as in other countries, there are associations of universities. They include institutions that have certain achievements in the field of science. The British association Russell Group includes 20 different universities. The organization accounts for half of the doctoral degrees, 65 % of research grants. Membership in the Russell Group are Cambridge, Oxford, King's College London, London School of Economics, Glasgow High Schools, Edinburgh, Universities in Leeds, Birmingham, Warwick, Liverpool, Manchester.

Teaching and living: the financial aspect

The price of training in the country depends directly on the prestige of the university. Also the role is played by a specific specialty. The natu- ral-science, engineering direction is considered more expensive, the humanitarian is distinguished by reasonable prices.

The bachelor's degree in humanitarian studies costs the students a year at 7500–15000 GBP, technical – 10,000–15,000 GBP. The most expensive in the UK, as elsewhere in the world, are medical faculties. Here the year of training can cost 18–25 thousand.

The master's programs (postgraduate) programs cost students 6.5 thousand to 30 thousand GBP. In ordinary HEIs, these amounts are final. In the most prestigious there are additional costs. For example, in Cambridge and Oxford, a student pays an annual fee of 3 to 5 thousand for the right to study at a university.

Accommodation in Britain can have a different cost. The most economical is the accommodation in the student hostel. The cost of accommodation here is 3–9 thousand GBP per year (academic). The apartment will cost more. For example, in London, south-eastern cities of Britain, the cost of housing varies from 100 to 500 GBP / week.

The cost of food is 100–200 GBP / week, a small amount will also have to spend on transport. The purchase of textbooks will cost the student 250–400 GBP.

Scholarships for foreigners

Scholarship programs in the UK are few. Especially it concerns the bachelor's degree. The distribution of scholarships for first-year students

78

is provided by universities. Various requirements are put forward for the candidates, but the main one is the excellent academic performance.

For masters there are several scholarships. The most popular program is the Chevening Scholarship Program. It is financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, supported by the leading universities of the country. The scholarship usually covers living expenses and training. Candidates are given age, academic requirements, professional.

Foreigners who are not older than 35 years old who apply for a master's degree in international relations, media, management, law, economics (except for MBA), urban planning, telecommunications, public administration, health, and environmental protection may apply for the scholarship. Future fellows should be fluent in English, have a high score in a bachelor's degree, at least 2 years of work experience.

Grants to masters are issued by British universities. Their programs are working in many universities of the country. For example, Oxford annually allocates more than 200 scholarships in various programs.

Work and study

Foreign students in the UK can start working during their studies. Employment should not exceed 20 hours / week. On vacation students work for a full day. For work, you need to get a work permit at the local employment office. The opportunity is given to students studying for oneyear and longer programs.

Foreign students can work in various spheres. More often it is service (cafe, refueling, washing, etc.), families (cleaning, walking dogs, etc.). The remuneration of students varies from 3.5 to 7 GBP per hour on average.

Visa

For foreigners who plan to study for more than 6 months, longterm student visas. You can get one in the UK visa center. The basis for issuing a visa is to confirm the fact of enrolling in an institution of higher learning. Also, the student will need to confirm his / her solvency. The package of documents includes: an extract from the bank account, a certificate of income, copies of diplomas and / or certificates, a questionnaire. In addition, to obtain a visa you need a passport with a validity of at least six months after the completion of studies in Britain.

79

Exercise 2. Read the text ‘The Advantages of Studying in the UK’ and mark the sentences True (T) or False (F). If the sentences are False, correct them.

1)Wealthy people tend to send their children abroad to study.

2)The most popular is a higher education abroad.

3)The education in Spain is considered as the most prestigious

4)Education received in England is not a reliable foundation for any career.

5)Professional students of British universities help to fulfill the full academic and creative potential of teachers.

6)British universities are in the “bottom” of the educational rankings.

7)The British programs on getting a bachelor’s and master’s degrees last only for 4 and 2 year respectively.

8)British scientists have received more Nobel Prizes than any other country in the world except the United States.

The Advantages of Studying in the UK

In modern society a new “tradition” has appeared most recently: wealthy people tend to send their children abroad to study. For some it is a tribute to the new fashion, but for others – is a major step forward. The most popular is a higher education abroad. In fact it is much more effective to go to learn when you have already decided on the future profes-

80