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ɋɟɤɰɢɹ ɉɫɢ ɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɜɨɝɨ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɨɛɪ ɡɨɜ ɧɢɹ
ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɞɚɟɬ ɪɹɞ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜ ɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɰɟɥɟɜɨɣ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ > @
Ɇɨɞɭɥɶ ɤɚɤ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɞɟɪ ɠɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɱɚɳɢɯɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɝɪɭɩ ɩɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜɫɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɢ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɨɩɟɪɢɪɭɸɬ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɦɢ ɩɨ ɧɹɬɢɹɦɢ Ɇɨɞɭɥɶɧɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɞɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɜɪɟ ɦɹ ɨɬɜɨɞɢɦɨɟ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɦ ɩɥɚɧɨɦ ɧɚ ɟɝɨ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɢɞɚɦɢ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ ɞɟɹ ɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɹɟɬ ɞɨɥɸ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɉɪɢ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɦ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɢɯ ɦɨɞɭɥɟɣ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɭɛɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɫ ɥɨɠɧɟɧɢɹ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɯ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɦ ɞɨɡɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɥɟɝɤɨ ɦɟɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɱɬɨ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɦɨɞɭɥɟɣ > @
Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɚ ɦɨɞɭɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɯ ɦɨɞɭɥɟɣ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɢɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɱɟɧɧɵɣ ɛɥɨɤ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɰɟɥɟɜɭɸ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚ ɢ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɚ ɩɨ ɟɟ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ > @ ɋɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɦɨɞɭɥɶ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɦɵɣ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɦɚ ɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɬɚɤ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɧ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɥ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɞɢɞɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɰɟɥɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɦ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɦ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɢ ɮɨɪɦ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɱɢɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɧɚɦɟɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ
Ɉɩɵɬɨɦ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɤɚɤ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɭɱɟɛɧɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɥɭɠɢɬɶ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ Ȼɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɟɯ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɧɚɭɱ ɧɵɯ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧ ɢɡ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɝɨ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɚ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɢ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɐɇɋ ɧɟɣɪɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɮɢ ɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɜɵɫɲɟɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ȼɇȾ Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɛɵɥɚ ɜɧɟ ɞɪɟɧɚ ɜ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɨɛɳɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚ ɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɈɈɉ ȼɉɈ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɛɚɤɚɥɚɜɪɢɚɬɚ ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɜ ɇɢɠɟɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɦ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɟ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ ɢ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ
ɉɪɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧ ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɜ Ȼɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɦɨɞɭɥɶ ɨɫɨɛɨɟ ɜɧɢɦɚ ɧɢɟ ɭɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɝɨ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɚ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɭɠɟ ɚɤɫɢɨɦɚɬɢɱɧɵɦ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɨɠɟ ɧɢɟ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɢɡɭɱɚɟɦɵɯ ɧɟɣɪɨɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɟɣ ɢ ɧɟɣɪɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɢ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɥɟɠɚɬ ɩɟɪɜɨɩɪɢɱɢɧɵ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ
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ɋɟɤɰɢɹ ɉɫɢ ɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɜɨɝɨ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɨɛɪ ɡɨɜ ɧɢɹ
ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɧɢ ɦɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɧɢɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɜɥɚɞɟɬɶ ɜɫɟɦ ɩɨɧɹ ɬɢɣɧɵɦ ɚɪɫɟɧɚɥɨɦ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɢ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɇɟɪɜ ɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɟ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɢɪɭɸɳɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɹɹ ɜ ɟɞɢ ɧɨɟ ɰɟɥɨɟ ɜɫɟ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɢ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɢɪɭɹ ɢɯ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɟ ɰɟɥɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɝɨɦɟɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɋɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɟɣɪɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɞɫɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɭɫɜɨɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɢɜɲɟɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɜ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨ ɦɨɳɶɸ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ɂɧɚɧɢɟ ɷɬɢɯ ɛɢɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɨɫɧɨɜ ɧɟɨɛ ɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɩɪɢɱɢɧ ɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ ɫɬɟɣ ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɧɢɹ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɟ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɭ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɢ ɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ
Ⱦɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɵ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ Ȼɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɦɨɞɭɥɶ ɢɡɭɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɧɟɝɨ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɫɟɦɟɫɬɪɨɜ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɤɭɪɫɚ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɥɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɡɚɧɹ ɬɢɣ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɰɢɤɥɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞ ɜ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɨɬ ɬɟɦɚɬɢɤɢ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɫɧɨɜ ɡɚɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ɤ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɸ ɩɫɢɯɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɫɧɨɜ ɢ ɜ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ Ɇɟɬɨɞɢ ɱɟɫɤɢ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɨɛɭ ɫɥɨɜɢɥɨ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɭɱɟɛɧɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ Ɍɚɤ ɬɟɤɭɳɢɣ ɤɨɧ ɬɪɨɥɶ ɩɨ ɷɬɢɦ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɦ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɚɦ ɤɚɤ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɪɨɜ ɧɹ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɢɡɭɱɚɟɦɨɦ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɟ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧ ɜ ɦɨɞɭɥɶɧɭɸ ɤɭɪɫɨ ɜɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɟ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧ Ⱥɧɚɬɨɦɢɹ ɐɇɋ ɇɟɣɪɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɢ Ɏɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɹ ȼɇȾ
ɐɟɥɶ ɦɨɞɭɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɭ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɣ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɟɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɦɢ ɢ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɨɥɢ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
Ʉ ɡɚɞɚɱɚɦ ɦɨɞɭɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɡɧɚɤɨɦɫɬɜɨ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɫɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɐɇɋ ɧɟɣɪɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɜɵɫɲɟɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɨɜɵɦɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚɦɢ ɤ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɸ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɩɪɨ ɛɥɟɦ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɦɢ ɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɐɇɋ ɢ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɜɵɤɨɜ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɢ ɧɟɣɪɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ ȼɇȾ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɚɜɵɤɨɜ
ɋɟɤɰɢɹ ɉɫɢ ɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɜɨɝɨ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɨɛɪ ɡɨɜ ɧɢɹ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɩɫɢɯɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɭɫɜɨɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɫɧɨɜ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɚɦ ȼ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚɯ ɢ ɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮɚɯ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɬɪɟɯ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɟɣ ɧɚɭɤɢ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɦɵɟ ɬɟɦɵ ɦɨɞɭɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɵɯ ɪɚ ɛɨɬ Ⱦɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɬɟɦɵ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵ
ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɤɨɪɵ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ ɨ ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɜ ɐɇɋ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɣ ɞɢ
ɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɮɭɧɤ ɰɢɣ ɡɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɤɨɪɵ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢ ɡɚɰɢɹ ɤɨɪɵ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɵɟ ɜɬɨɪɢɱɧɵɟ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɵɟ ɡɨɧɵ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɢ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɡɨɧɵ ɦɨɬɨɪɧɵɟ ɢ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɵɟ ɡɨɧɵ ɤɨɪɵ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɤɨɪɤɨɜɵɟ ɰɟɧɬɪɵ ɪɟɱɢ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɣɪɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚ ɰɢɢ ɰɟɧɬɪɨɜ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɦɟɞɢɚɬɨɪɧɵɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɰɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɦɨɡɝɨɜɵɯ ɡɨɧ ɜ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ
ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɪɵ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɵɯ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɣ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟ ɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɚɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɹ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɢ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɝɨ ɢ ɥɟɜɨɝɨ
ɩɨɥɭɲɚɪɢɣ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɧɢɦɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɞɨ ɦɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɭɲɚɪɢɣ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɜɢɞɵ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɢ ɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟ ɧɢɟ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɚ ɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɫɨɰɢ ɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɧɚ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɪɭɤɨɫɬɶ ɥɟɜɨɪɭɤɨɫɬɶ ɚɦɛɢɞɟɤɫɬɪɢɹɨɛɨɟɪɭɤɨɫɬɶ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɨɥɭɲɚɪɢɹɦɢ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ
ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɢ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɵɯ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɣ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɨɬɞɟɥɵ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟ
ɫɤɢɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɟɣɪɨɧɧɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɮɭɧɤ ɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɩɢɧɧɨɦɨɡɝɨɜɵɟ ɧɟɪɜɵ ɢɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɧɵɟ ɢ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɢɧɧɟɪɜɚɰɢɢ ɱɟɪɟɩɧɨɦɨɡɝɨɜɵɟ ɧɟɪɜɵ ɢɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɧɵɟ ɢ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɢɧɧɟɪɜɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɣɪɨɦɟ ɞɢɚɬɨɪɵ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɪɨɥɶ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜ
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ɋɟɤɰɢɹ ɉɫɢ ɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɜɨɝɨ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɨɛɪ ɡɨɜ ɧɢɹ
ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɦɢɲɟɧɹɦɢ ɢ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɨɣ
ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɵɯ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɣ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟ ɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɥɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɥɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ ɢɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɨɪɝɚɧ ɫɥɭɯɚ ɨɛɳɢɣ
ɩɥɚɧ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɩɨɝɪɚɮɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɫɥɭ ɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɫ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɦ ɦɨɡɝɨɦ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɫɥɭɯɨɜɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ ɤɨɪɵ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɩɭɬɢ ɫɥɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ ɢɯ ɧɟɣɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɜ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɚɯ ɫɥɭɯɨɜɵɟ ɨɳɭɳɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɢɯ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɭɫɬɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ ɪɨɥɶ ɫɥɭɯɨɜɵɯ ɨɳɭɳɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ
ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɥɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜ ɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɵɯ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɣ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ȼɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɦɨɪɮɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ
ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɪɟɝɟɧɟɪɚɰɢɹ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɡɪɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɫɬɚɪɟɧɢɹ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɡ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɜ ɐɇɋ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɡ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɦɨɰɢɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɦɟɧɬ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɩɚɦɹɬɶ ɢ ɬ ɞ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚ ɧɢɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɜ
ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɦɨɪɮɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɐɇɋ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɵɯ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɣ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɧɟɣɪɨɷɜɨɥɸɰɢɢ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ ɢ ɨɛɳɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ
ɷɬɚɩɵ ɷɜɨɥɸɰɢɢ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɬ ɩɪɨɫɬɟɣɲɢɯ ɞɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɤɪɚɬɤɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɚɪɨɦɨɪɮɨɡɵ ɷɜɨɥɸɰɢɢ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɨ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɐɇɋ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɢ ɞɜɢɠɭɳɢɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɷɜɨɥɸɰɢɢ ɐɇɋ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɛɢɨɥɨ ɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɟɣɪɨɝɟɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɷɜɨɥɸɰɢɢ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɧɟɣɪɨɷɜɨɥɸɰɢɢ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟ ɩɭɬɢ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɣ ɧɟɣɪɨɷɜɨɥɸɰɢɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɨɛɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɚ ɠɢɡɧɢ
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ɋɟɤɰɢɹ ɉɫɢ ɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɜɨɝɨ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɨɛɪ ɡɨɜ ɧɢɹ
ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɨɜ ɧɟɣɪɨɷɜɨɥɸɰɢɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɨɞɪɨɛ ɧɵɯ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɣ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
Ʉɭɪɫɨɜɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɩɨ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɦɨɞɭɥɸ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬ ɩɢɲɟɬ ɧɚ ɛɚɡɟ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟ ɦɟɧɧɨ ɬɪɟɯ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɯ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɹ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɟɣɪɨɮɢɡɢɨ ɥɨɝɢɹ ɢ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɦ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɚ ɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɚ ɫ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟ ɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɜɫɟɯ ɬɪɟɯ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧ ɇɚ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɨɬɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɢɡɭ ɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨɣ ɨɰɟɧɤɟ ɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɨɦ ɞɨ ɢɬɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɷɤɡɚɦɟɧɚ
ɇɚɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɨɟ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɡɛɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɵ ɧɟɠɟɥɢ ɨɧɚ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɪɚɜ ɧɢɜɚɬɶ ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɞɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɵɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ ɭɱɟɧɵɯ ȼ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɯ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɹ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ ɩɨ ɬɟɦɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɦɧɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɡɚɬɪɚɝɢɜɚɟɦɵɦ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚɦ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ Ɇɚ ɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɣ ɜ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɢɡ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɚɧ ɫɜɹɡɚɧ ɫ ɬɟɦɨɣ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɢ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧ ɫɜɨɢɦɢ ɫɥɨɜɚɦɢ
ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɝɥɚɜɵ ɋɨɞɟɪ ɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɝɥɚɜɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɬɨɱɧɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɟɦɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɢ ɩɨɥ ɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɟɟ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɜɚɬɶ ȼ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɩɪɢɥɨ ɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɤ ɬɟɦɟ ɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɷɬɨɬ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɦɢɧɢɦɭɦɨɦ ɧɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨ ɠɟɥɚɧɢɸ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧ ɢ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɟɧ ɉɨɞɝɥɚɜɵ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɢ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɦ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ȼɨ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢ ɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɵɯ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɭɱɟɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɨɩɭɛɥɢɤɨ ɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɟɱɚɬɢ ɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɹɯ ɞɢɫɫɟɪɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɯ ɚɜɬɨɪɟɮɟɪɚ ɬɚɯ ɩɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɟ ȼ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɢɦɟɧɚ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɢ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɚ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɢ ɬ ɞ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɚ ɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɉɪɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɛɥɢɰ ɢ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɨɜ ɇɟ ɜɨɲɟɞɲɢɟ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɬɟɤɫɬ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɚ ɰɢɢ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɵ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɢ ɢ ɬ ɩ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ
Ɍɚɤɚɹ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɦɨɞɭɥɹɦ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɮɨɪɦɢ ɪɭɟɦɚɹ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɟɟ ɧɚɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɦ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɭɦɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɧɚɜɵɤɨɜ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɨɦ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
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ɋɟɤɰɢɹ ɉɫɢ ɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɜɨɝɨ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɨɛɪ ɡɨɜ ɧɢɹ
Ɉɩɵɬ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɢ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɦɨɞɭɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɩɨɤɚ ɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɵɣ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɜ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɢ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɯ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧ ɜ ɫɢɥɭ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɦɟɬɨɞɨ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɧɨɫɢɬ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɉɪɢɱɟɦ ɷɬɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɜɵɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɨɫɬɟ ɧɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɜ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜ ɡɧɚɧɢɹɯ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɚ ɷɬɢɯ ɧɚɭɤ ɋɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟ ɫɤɨɣ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɦɨɞɭɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɣ ɪɚ ɛɨɬɵ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɸ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɬɟɦɩɭ ɭɫɜɨɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɸ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɦ ɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦ ɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɫɩɨ ɫɨɛɚɦ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɢ ɫɚɦɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɨɜɵɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɢ ɩɪɨ ɝɧɨɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɤɚɤ ɨɰɟɧɨɱɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
Ɉɬɦɟɬɢɦ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɭɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɫɥɨɠ ɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧ ɝɨɪɚɡɞɨ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɟɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚɜɵɤɢ ɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɢɜɧɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɱɬɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɨɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɫɚɦɨɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɩɨɫ ɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɫ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ Ⱥ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɬɚ ɩɨɜ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɨɬ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɤɢ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɤ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɭ ɫɬɭɞɟɧ ɬɨɜ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚɜɵɤɢ ɫɚɦɨ ɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɨɣ ɩɨɢɫɤɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɦ ɫɱɟɬɟ ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɣ ɫɬɭɞɟɧ ɬɨɜ
Ɉɩɵɬ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɯ ɦɨɞɭɥɟɣ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɦ ɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɢɹɬ ɧɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɭɱɟɛɧɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɟɯ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɟɣ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɟɪɟ ɯɨɞɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɢ ɡɚɱɚɫɬɭɸ ɫɥɚɛɨ ɨɫɨɡɧɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɢ ɤɚɤ ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɠɟ ɧɚɭɱɧɚɹ ɦɨɡɚɢɤɚ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɨɛ ɢɡɭɱɚɟɦɨɦ ɧɚɭɱ ɧɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɢ ɨ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɣ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ɍɚɤ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢ ɫɬɢɱɧɵɦ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɦ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɟɞɢɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɢɫɰɢɩ ɥɢɧ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɯ ɩɨ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨɜ ɜ ɜɵɫɲɟɣ ɲɤɨɥɟ
Ʉ ɫɨɠɚɥɟɧɢɸ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɧɚ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɦɨ ɞɭɥɶɧɵɯ ɛɥɨɤɨɜ ɦɟɠɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɧɚɯ ɡɚɱɚɫɬɭɸ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɵ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɟ ɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɦɭ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɸ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚ
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ɋɟɤɰɢɹ ɉɫɢ ɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɜɨɝɨ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɨɛɪ ɡɨɜ ɧɢɹ
ɭɱɧɨɣ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɯ ɰɢɤɥɚɯ ɢɥɢ ɢɯ ɱɚɫ ɬɹɯ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɜɚɪɢɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɇɚɞɟɟɦɫɹ ɱɬɨ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɦɨɞɭɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫ ɬɟɦɵ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɜ ɜɟɞɭɳɢɯ ɜɭɡɚɯ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɢɬɶ ɷɬɭ ɡɚɞɚɱɭ
Ʌɢɬɟɪ ɬɭɪ
Ȼɟɫɩɚɥɶɤɨ ȼ ɉ ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɵɟ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ȼ ɉ Ȼɟɫ ɩɚɥɶɤɨ Ɇ ɂɡɞ ɜɨ ɂɧ ɬɚ ɩɪɨɮ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫ
Ʉɥɚɪɢɧ Ɇ ȼ ɂɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɦɢɪɨɜɨɣ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɟ Ɇ ȼ Ʉɥɚɪɢɧ Ɋɢɝɚ ɗɤɫ ɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬ ɫ
Ɇɢɯɟɥɶɤɟɜɢɱ ȼ ɇ ɂɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ȼ ɇ Ɇɢ ɯɟɥɶɤɟɜɢɱ ȼ Ɇ ɇɟɫɬɟɪɟɧɤɨ ɉ Ƚ Ʉɪɚɜɰɨɜ ɋɚɦɚɪɚ ɋɚɦȽɌɍ ɫ
ɋɟɥɟɜɤɨ Ƚ Ʉ ɋɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ Ƚ Ʉ ɋɟɥɟɜɤɨ Ɇ ɇɚɪɨɞɧɨɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫ
ɘɰɹɜɢɱɟɧɟ ɉ Ⱥ Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɦɨɞɭɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɉ Ⱥ ɘɰɹɜɢɱɟ ɧɟ Ʉɚɭɧɚɫ ɫ
Ɋɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɣ ɭ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɨɜ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ
ɇ Ɏ Ʉɨɦɚɪɨɜɚ ɇɇȽȺɋɍ
Ɉɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɤ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɝɨɬɨɜɹɬɫɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬ ɪɚɧɬɵ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɟɞɚɝɨ ɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɨɬ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɚ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɜɚɠɧɨ ɭ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɢɯ ɨɛɭɱɟ ɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɬɶ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɭɸ ɢɦ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨ ɬɪɭɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɦ ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɧɚɥɢ ɱɢɟ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ ɭɦɟɧɢɣ ɧɚɜɵɤɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɢɟɦɨɜ ɢɯ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɛɭ ɞɭɳɟɣ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɢ
ȼ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɟ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫ ɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɤɚɠɞɨɦɭ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɨɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟ ɥɟɧɵ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɢ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɇɚ ɨɞɧɢɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ ɨɧɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨ ɪɚɡɜɟɪɧɭɬɨ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɛɨɛɳɟɧɧɨ ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬ ɜɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɫɜɨɢɬɶ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɵ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɤ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɣ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ Ⱦɢɡɚɣɧ
ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɨɬɛɨɪɭ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚ ɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɜɵɛɨɪɭ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɨɰɟɧɤɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ
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ɋɟɤɰɢɹ ɉɫɢ ɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɜɨɝɨ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɨɛɪ ɡɨɜ ɧɢɹ
ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɭ ɢ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɢ ɤɭɪɫɨɜ
Ɋɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɣ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɨɟ ɢɡɭɱɟ ɧɢɟ ɤɚɤ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɫɧɨɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɢ ɜɵɫɲɟɣ ɲɤɨɥɵ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨ ɜɚɧɢɟ ɭɦɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɉɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɢ ɜɵɫɲɟɣ ɲɤɨɥɵ ɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɢ ɢ ɚɧɞɪɚɝɨɝɢɤɢ ɦɵ ɨɩɢɪɚɥɢɫɶ ɧɚ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧ ɞɚɪɬɚ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟ ɧɢɹɦ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɢ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɱɟɧɵɯ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɩɟɞɚɝɨ ɝɢɤɢ ɜɵɫɲɟɣ ɲɤɨɥɵ
Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨ ɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɰɟɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɜɵɫɲɢɟ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɟ ɡɚɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɨɜ ɧɚɦɢ ɭɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɸ ɩɫɢɯɨ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɦ ɂɡɭɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɟɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ ɩɫɢɯɢ ɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɨɳɭɳɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɩɚɦɹɬɶ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɪɟɱɶ ɜɨɨɛ ɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɷɦɨɰɢɢ ɢ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚ ɜɨɥɹ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɦɟɧɬ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ
Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨ ɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɵɞɜɢɝɚɟɬ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɡɚɞɚɱɭ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚ ɧɢɹ ɜ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɶ ɸɬɟɪɧɵɟ ɫɢɦɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɞɟɥɨɜɵɟ ɢ ɪɨɥɟɜɵɟ ɢɝɪɵ ɪɚɡɛɨɪ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨ ɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɢɧɵɟ ɬɪɟɧɢɧɝɢ ɜ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɢ ɫ ɜɧɟɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɨɣ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚ ɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɚɜɵɤɨɜ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɚɰɟɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɜɵɫɲɢɟ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɟ ɡɚɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɗɬɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɦɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɨɬɛɨɪɟ ɫɨ ɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɨɜ
ɇɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟ ɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɨ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɡ ɜɢɬɢɸ ɭ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɨɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɣ ɇɚ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɢ ɧɚɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɨɛɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɭɫɥɨɠɧɹɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ
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ɋɟɤɰɢɹ ɉɫɢ ɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɜɨɝɨ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɨɛɪ ɡɨɜ ɧɢɹ
Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɯ ɭɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɭ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɹ
ɤɚɤ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɟɦ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɭ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɯ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɡɜɚɬɶ ɧɟɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɢɡ
ɜɨɥɶɧɨɟ ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɤɚɤɢɦ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɚɦ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɵ ɛɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɟɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɵ ɧɚ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɯ ɤɚɤɢɟ ɨɲɢɛɤɢ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɭɱɢɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɩɪɢɱɢɧɵ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɫɬɪɟɫɫ ɜ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɫɬɨɢɧɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɣ ɢ ɞɪ
ɗɬɢ ɢ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɟ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɯ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ ɱɬɨ ɞɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɚɠɞɨɦɭ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɭ ɡɚɪɚɧɟɟ ɨɛɞɭɦɚɬɶ ɩɭɬɢ ɢɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɉɨɨɳɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɟɫɥɢ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɸɬ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɫɭɠɞɟ ɧɢɹ ɬɟ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɵɟ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɧɵɟ ɫɢɬɭɚ ɰɢɢ
Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ ɞɟɹ ɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɨɛɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ Ɇɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɚɦ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɟɦɵ ɞɥɹ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ȼ ɯɨɞɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɢɯ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɨɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɢ ɜɵɹɜɢɬɶ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɩɵɬ ɢɥɢ ɬɪɭɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɶ ɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨ ɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧ ɨɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɞɪ ɉɨɞɨɛɧɵɟ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧ ɧɵɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɬ ɭ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɨɜ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɤ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɭ ɢ ɨɛɨɛɳɟɧɢɸ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢ ɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɩɵɬɚ
ɇɚ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɯ ɭɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɭ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟ ɫɤɢɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɚ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɟ Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɵ ɩɨ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɛɚɤɚɥɚɜɪɨɜ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɟ ɩɥɚɧɵ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦ ɦɵ ɩɨ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɚɦ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɪɚɡɪɚ ɛɚɬɵɜɚɸɬ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɢ ɤɚɮɟɞɪ
ɇɚ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɯ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɟɫɬɵ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɜɵɹɜɢɬɶ ɬɟ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɵɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɫɬɢ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɬɪɟɧɢɧɝɨɜɵɟ ɭɩɪɚɠɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɚɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨ ɬɚɬɶ ɚɧɤɟɬɭ ɧɚ ɥɸɛɭɸ ɬɟɦɭ ɩɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɨɩɪɨɫ ɫɪɟɞɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ
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ɋɟɤɰɢɹ ɉɫɢ ɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɜɨɝɨ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɨɛɪ ɡɨɜ ɧɢɹ
Ɉɬ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɜɵɫɲɟɣ ɲɤɨɥɵ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɵ ɩɨ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɹɬ ɤ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɬɟɯ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɉɪɢɦɟɪɧɚɹ ɬɟɦɚɬɢɤɚ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɯ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ
ɤɚɤ ɞɨɛɢɬɶɫɹ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɝɨ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɯɤɚɤ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɬɶ ɜɨɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɯɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɧɬɟɪɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ
ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɟɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɣ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɵɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦɵɟ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɦɧɨ
ɝɢɟ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɢɟɣ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɵ ɜɤɥɸɱɚ
ɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɛɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɋ ɷɬɨɣ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɛɟɫɟ ɞɵ ɞɢɫɤɭɫɫɢɢ ɢɯ ɬɟɦɚɬɢɤɚ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɚ Ɋɨɥɶ ɷɦɨɰɢɣ ɢ ɱɭɜɫɬɜ ɜ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɬɢ Ⱥɤɬɢɜɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɢ ɩɭɬɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚ ɧɢɟ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɞɪ ɗɬɚ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɟɢɡ ɦɟɧɧɨ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ
Ⱦɥɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɧɚɜɵɤɨɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɨ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɢ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɢɬɱɢ ɩɨɫɥɨɜɢɰɵ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨ ɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɛɟɫɟɞɵ ɧɚ ɥɸɛɭɸ ɬɟɦɭ ɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɨɛɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ Ɍɟɦ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɦɚ ɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɵ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɸɬ ɧɚɜɵɤɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɛɟɫɟɞɵ ɫ ɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɢɟɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɬɚɤ ɧɟɨɛɯɨ ɞɢɦɵ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɸ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɭɹ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɯ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɢ
ȼ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɟ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɵ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬ ɡɚɱɟɬɧɨɟ ɡɚ ɞɚɧɢɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɤɨɧɫɩɟɤɬ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹ Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɨɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɭɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɸ ɧɨ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɚɤɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɩɪɨɞɭɦɚɬɶ ɤɚɤɢɟ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɞɚɧɧɨɟ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɟ ɛɭ ɞɟɬ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɬ ɩ ɉɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɧɬɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɪɨɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɚɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɭ ɧɢɯ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɵ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨ ɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɢ ɢ ɝɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɤ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɹ
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