9.D is the correct answer!
10.The correct answer is b.
Read and comment on the poem.
Fat
The doctor says it's better for my spine This way - more fat, more estrogine. Well then! There was a time when a wife's plump shoulders signified prosperity.
These days my fashionable friends get by on seaweed molkshakes,
Pall Malls, and vitamine pills. There clothes hang elegantly from their clavicines.
As the evening news make clear
the starving and the besieged maintain
the currant standard of beauty without effort.
Whenever two or three gather together the talk turns dreamily to sausages, purple cabbage, black beans and rice,
noodles gleaming with cream, yams, and pulms, and chapatti fried in ghee.
How Important Is Beauty To You
Some people are better looking than others - that's life, but does it matter? Answer either TRUE or FALSE to these questions:
1.Men prefer women to be thin.
2.Women don't fall in love with weak men.
3 .1 would still love my partner if he or she were to become fat.
4.Beauty is only skin deep.
5.Unattractive people can be more successful than attractive people.
6.Thin people have everything.
7.Unattractive people are just as interesting and intelligent as attractive people.
8.Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.
9.Fat people should be ashamed of their bodies.
10.At a party I don't talk to unattractive people.
11.People you first think are plain can be interesting when you get to know them.
12.You know if you like someone within the first five seconds of meeting them.
Your Score:
For questions 1, 2, 6, 9, 10, 12 give yourself one point if you answered FALSE and two pointsfor TRUE.
For questions 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 11 score onefor TRUE and twofor FALSE.
I f your score 16 or over, you put a high value on looks which could make your life a misery. But read on. There is a solution
Escaping The Beauty Trap
We all suffer agonies o fself-hatredfrom time to time. But the trouble with hating your body is that it's part o fyou andyou can't hate it without hating yourself Thefirst step out o f the beauty trap is to try to appreciate your good point more, and find imaginative ways to live with the bits you aren ’t keen on.
PSYCHOLOGISTS SAY...
How Important Is Appearance For Interpersonal Interaction?
How would you answer this question? Is physical attractiveness very important to you in finding a friend or a partner?
The questions that often concern us most whenever we meet new people are: will they like us, and will we like them? Research has uncovered a number of factors that promote interpersonal attraction. To most of us, there is something undemocratic about the possibility that a person's physical appearance is a determinant of how others respond to him or her. Unlike character, niceness and other personal attributes, physical appearance is a factor over which we have little control. Hence, it seems "unfair" to use it as a criterion for liking someone. And, in fact, surveys have shown that people do not rank physical attractiveness as very important in their liking of other people.
But research on actual behaviour shows that physical attractiveness really matters but at the first stage of relationship. Intelligence, social skills or personal qualities become important later.
Read the story.
Best Looking Girl In Town
After Thyra Samter Winslow
From the time she was thirteen Rilla Mabry had been ashamed of her appearance. It was then that she started growing taller than the other girls. She was also awkward as well as tall and she was too thin.
By the time she was twenty she was fully convinced that her appearance was really something terrible. All of the other girls seemed little and cute and attractive. No matter what Rilla wore it seemed wrong. She was much too tall to wear tailored clothes. And thin dresses simply hung around her loosely.
All of the boys and girls in the group liked Rilla. She was a fine girl - if you could forget the way she looked. Even her hair was wrong - rather stringy - but she had a pleasant and rather attractive face.
In spite of her looks Rilla had a boy friend. He was Patrick Redding and his father kept a grocery store. Pat wasn't any great prize - but then you couldn't expect Rilla, with her looks, to do any better. People felt that Rilla ought to be well satisfied. Pat was a nice looking boy, and he shouldn't be considered unimportant.
Rilla didn't consider Pat unimportant. She was grateful to him for being nice to her. She was as pleasant and as friendly as she could be. As a matter of fact she liked Pat a lot. He was fun to be with. She would have been perfectly satisfied except for the fact that she was in love with Shane Tennant. All of which did her little good - for Shane was the prize of the town. Shane's father was a banker - and rich. His mother was the social leader of the town. Shane was tall - much taller than Rilla - and handsome, besides.
Pat went into the grocery business with his father. Shane went into the bank. That's the way sons do in small towns unless they have definite ideals about law or one of the other professions. Rilla didn't do anything. Her parents had just enough money so she didn't have to work. She went to parties with Patrick —and admired Shane from a distance. The town people felt that she would marry Pat, that he'd take over his father's grocery store and that they'd settle down.
That might have happened if it hadn't been for Leslie Durant. Leslie Durant was —and still is - a well known magazine illustrator. And he came to Morrisville to visit an aunt. And he was taken everywhere to all of the parties, of course. He was the social lion of the season. He stayed in town for only a few days —but that was long enough for a lot to happen.
He saw Rilla Mabry! Rilla was standing near the door - and she was looking at Shane Tennant. She never knew how much her face showed what she was thinking about. No one else noticed - but Durant, being new, understood the situation. He saw Rilla, standing not quite straight because she didn't feel quite as tall that way, in a badly fitted dress and her hair not quite smooth - and he saw Shane, perfectly dressed, self-confident, good-looking. And then Pat came to ask Rilla to dance.
On the second day of his visit Durant made his remarkable statement. He told anyone who would listen to him that Rilla Mabry was by far the best looking girl in town. One of the best looking girls he had ever seen.
Rilla had never had a compliment about her looks before. She had always been shy, self-conscious, and often unhappy about her appearance. And now, the first authority on beauty who had ever been in town claimed that she was the prize.
When Durant, himself, told her what he thought of her she was filled with confusion. She managed finally to thank him. And later, very shyly, she went up to him.
"I do wish that you'd tell me how I can look better," she said.
"That's not really my particular kind of work," he told her, "but maybe if we got together..."
They got together the next morning. Durant came to Rilla's house and, with Rilla's mother acting as helper, they did things to Rilla and to Rilla's clothes. Durant made her stand up straight. And he rearranged her hair. And he told her what was wrong with the clothes she wore.
That night there was a dance for Durant - his last evening in town. And, as he had thought when he started things, Rilla was, for the first time in her life, the center of attention. Toward the end of the evening Durant had the satisfaction of seeing Shane Tennant dancing very attentively with Rilla, Shane Tennant, whom Rilla had looked at with longing eyes and who had never paid any attention to her.
Durant went back to his home and his work in New York. And forgot about the whole thing. And years passed. And then, just the other day, this happened:
Durant was lunching alone at a restaurant when an attractive, tall woman, past her first youth, came up to him.
"You don't remember me?" she said. Durant didn't remember her.
"I'm Rilla Tennant - I was Rilla Mabry when you knew me. You came to my home town and - and rather made my life over. Remember now?"
"Of course I do," said Durant. "I remember very well. It was my one attempt at changing the destiny of another person."
"You did a wonderful job!" said Rilla. There was a strange note in her voice which he didn't understand.
"You married the boy you were in love with, I see. His name was Tennant, wasn't it?" "Why, yes." said Rilla. "But how did you remember the name? And how did you
know I was in love with him?"
"Гш good at remembering names. And I saw you looking at him. Simplicity itself! And to think that I was the cause!"
"Yes, you were," said Rilla. "It was very funny, when you look back on it. There I was, going with Pat Redding and in love with Shane, and terribly unhappy and awkward. And you came down and said I was a beauty - so automatically I became a beauty. And the boys all wanted to go out with me. And I married Shane."
"Wonderful!" said Durant. And he smiled happily. "How are you getting along, now?"
"That's the difficult part," said Rilla. "You shouldn't have asked."
"Shane and I got married - and didn't get along very well, though I was awfully happy in the beginning. The Tennants lost all of their money in a bank failure —and my family had its money in the Tennant bank by that time, so our money went, too. Then Shane fell in love with a chorus girl. I got a divorce, of course. I've been teaching in a girl's school for the past three years.
"That's too bad!" said Durant. "But maybe that was better than marrying that other boy whom you didn't love."
"Maybe," said Rilla. "You can never tell. Love goes ... Patrick Redding took over his father's grocery store - and married the cutest girl in town. They have three children and are very happy. And, oh yes, he became quite ambitious and started a chain of grocery stores. Now he's the richest and most important man in town."
Answer thefollowing questions.
1.Who is the main character of the story?
2.What adjectives does the author use to describe her appearance?
3.Why wasn’t she happy with her boyfriend?
4.Why did Rilla always have to admire Shane Tennant from a distance?
5.Why was Leslie Durant considered an authority on the question of beauty?
6.Why did he decide to change Rilla's appearance?
7.What changes did he make?
8.Did it change people's attitude to Rilla, if "yes", then how?
9.How did Rilla's marriage with Shane Tennant turn out?
10.Does the attitude of people to a person depend on the way he or she looks?
11.Can the appearance change our destiny?
12.Was the role of Durant in Rilla’s life positive or negative? Can we look upon it as
a sort of plastic surgery?
13.Should we change our appearance given by God with the help of plastic surgery?
14.People in different countries of the world have different ways of changing or
improving their appearance. What do you know about it?
15. Have you ever tried to improve your appearance? (Hair dyed; ears, lips, tongue, eyebrow or nose pierced, hair shaved off, tattoo done.)
PSYCHOLOGISTS SAY...
After having read the text express its main idea in your own words.
Everyone has a need to understand other people. Much of everyone's lifetime is spent interacting with other individuals, and it is through these human relationships that people attempt to satisfy many of their own personal needs. For this reason, an individual's ability to skillfully develop and promote human relationships becomes very important.
Related intimately to people's success in developing these meaningful relationships is their ability to understand or perceive others accurately. The individual's ability to under
stand and predict the behaviours of others is a crucial factor in responding to other people in a way that is both appropriate to the situation and personally satisfying. It is because of this need to understand others that human beings have a tendency to form impression of those with whom they come in contact.
The process by which we form an impression or develop an understanding of another individual is that of interpersonal perception. Usually, when we form impressions of others, we respond to a great number of observable stimuli. We may take note of such diverse aspects of physical appearance as skin colour, hair style, facial features and body build. The other person's actions, mannerism, dress, vocal mode, and tone of voice may also be observed. On the basis of these cues, we usually form a rather complete idea, or percept, as to what the other person is like. But the percept that is formed is by no means limited by the available observable information; indeed, the percept will typically be completed to include inferences concerning the other person's feelings, motives and other facets of personality.
The basis for the inferences one person makes about another is rooted in the person making inferences.
RENDERING
Render the text.
Психолог Альберт Мехрабян утверждает:
55 % впечатлений, которые мы производим на других людей, определяются тем, что они ВИДЯТ. Это касается цвета кожи и волос, внешнего вида, позы (a pose), ми мики и жестов, выражения лица, типа зрительного контакта (eye contact).
38 % впечатлений, которые мы производим на других людей, определяются тем, что они СЛЫШАТ, то есть тоном и высотой голоса, темпом речи, использованием пауз, ясностью речи, произношением и акцентом.
7 % впечатлений, которые мы производим на других людей, определяются теми СЛОВАМИ, которые они слышат.
DISCUSSION
1.Is it much more important for women to be attractive than for men?
2.You don’t have to be physically perfect to be attractive. You just have to be self-confident.
3.Beauty contests are an insult to women. What role do the character and personal qualities of competitors play in such contests?
4.There are many disadvantages in being good-looking.
Comment on one o f thefollowing proverbs:
1.A man is not known by his looks, nor is the sea measured with a bushel.
2.Beauty is the eye's food and the soul's sorrow.
3.Beauty is worse than wine; it intoxicates both the holder and the beholder.
4.Don’t always judge by appearances.
5.Goodness brightens beauty.
6.In your own country your name, in other countries your appearance.
7.Over the greatest beauty hangs the greatest pain.
8.We seize the beautiful and reject the useful.
WRITING
Translate thefollowing descriptions o f differentpeople using a dictionary.
1. This man is in his late fifties. He has thin grey hair and is becoming bald. He has a neat grey beard and wears glasses. He has an interesting face with lines around the eyes. He looks serious. He’s wearing a jacket and tie with a shirt and a sweater. However, his clothes are not very smart.
2. Peter is about 25, medium built and he's got wavy brown hair, and the last time I saw him he had a bushy moustache. He has been a researcher at the University for three years, so he looks very serious and academic. In fact, I'm pretty sure that he wears glasses now.
3. His large head was pink, his brown hair thin and dry. His face was boyish in sleep, despite his wrinkles. He was not fat but he was exceedingly well fed, his cheeks were plump and the hand which lay helpless on the blanket was slightly puffy.
(Sinclair Lewis)
4. My father was of a dark complexion, with a very great forehead and dark hazel eyes, overhung by eyebrows which remained black long after his hair was white. His nose was aquiline, his smile extraordinarily sweet. He was of a rather low stature, not being above five feet seven inches in height; but small as he was, he had a perfect grace and maj esty of deportment.
(W.M. Thackeray)
5. This treasured possession of his life was of medium height and colour, with short, dark-chestnut hair; her wide-apart brown eyes were set in whites so clear that they glinted when they moved, and yet in repose were almost dreamy under very white black-lashed lids, held over them in a sort of suspense. She had a charming profile, and nothing of her father in her face save a decided chin.
(J. Galsworthy)
6. Among the passengers there were two who interested me very much. One, a man of about thirty, was one of the tallest men I ever saw. He had yellow hair, a thick yellow beard, a handsome face and large eyes. His face made me think of someone I had seen before but at the time I could not remember who it was. The big man's name was Sir Henry Curtis.
The other man was short, stout and dark. He was always very neat and clean-shaven; he always wore an eyeglass in his right eye, and he never took it out. At first I thought he even slept in it, but I afterwards found that this was not so. He put it in his trousers pocket when he went to bed, together with his false teeth of which he had two beautiful sets.
(H.R. Haggard)
7. Cedric was not tall, but broad-shouldered, long-armed and powerfully-made. His face was broad with large blue eyes, open and frank features, fine teeth and a well-formed head. He was frank but of a hasty temper. There was pride and jealousy in his eyes, for his life had been spent in maintaining his rights. His long yellow hair was not yet grey, although he was almost sixty.
(W. Scott)
8. When the child was three, his mother was forty years old. She was tall and straight, and her figure was graceful. She usually wore a simple black dress with a white collar round her neck. Her hair was black and thick. She parted it down in the middle of the head and gathered it behind in a simple coil. She had a small nose and brown eyes which sparkled when she laughed. She had small but strong hands which could do any work.
(Sean O'Casey)
9. She was a pretty young peasant girl. Her dark hair waved untidy across her broad forehead, her face was short, her upper lip short, showing her white teeth, her brows were straight and dark, her lashes long and dark, her nose straight; but her grey eyes were the wonder - dewy as if opened for the first time that day. She spoke without shyness, in a pretty, soft voice.
(J. Galsworthy)
10. The girl is described as having been a very pretty baby, with bright blue eyes. She was, however, so feeble until she was a year and a half old, that her parents hardly hoped to rear her.
(Ch. Dickens)
11. Bosinney was of medium height and strong built with a pale, brown face, a dust-coloured moustache, very prominent cheekbones, and hollow cheeks. His forehead sloped back towards the crown of his head, and bulged out over the eyes, like foreheads seen in the lion-house at the Zoo. He had sherry-coloured eyes, inattentive at times.
(J. Galsworthy)
12. At nineteen Val was a slender freckled youth with a wide mouth, light eyes, long dark lashes and a rather charming smile. His "tutor" was a year older than himself, a good-looking youth, with fine brown eyes, and smooth dark hair, a small mouth, and oval face.
13. He suddenly got up and tried to see himself in the dirty looking-glass over t wash-stand. Wiping his face with a towel, he looked again long and carefully. It was the first time he had ever really seen himself. He saw the head and face of a young fellow of twenty, but he did not know how to value it (whether it was good-looking or not). Above
a high forehead - a mop of brown hair.
He did not like the steel-grey eyes of the lad that were often quite blue of colour Well, they were honest eyes, he concluded. The brown sunburn of his face surprised him. He had not dreamed he was so black.
He used to draw his full lips across the teeth, when he was angry. At times, so tightly did they draw, the mouth became stem and harsh. The chin and jaw were strong. His teeth were white and strong and regular.
(J. London)
14.1 saw the monkey-like figure creeping from the shade of the hut. When it reached the place where the king sat it threw off the fur from its head and showed a face that made us shiver with fear. The face belonged to a very old woman and was very small, like the face of a year-old child, all covered with deep yellow wrinkles. There was no nose on this face; a long chin projected under the sunken mouth, but the eyes of this terrible creature were full of fire and understanding. As for the head itself, it was absolutely hairless, and the skin on it moved like the hood of a cobra. This was Gagool, the witch.
(R. Haggard)
15.My grandpa was a good mixer. Various people visited his house. I remember one of them especially well. It was his friend. He was a kind-hearted man. But his appearance was singular. He was very tall and thin, with long limbs loosely jointed; hollow cheeks and high cheekbones. His face was so pale that it surprised you to notice how full and sensual were his lips. He wore his hair very long. His dark, deep-set eyes were large and tragic, and his hands with their big, long fingers, were finely shaped; they gave him a look of great strength.
16.Donna.
Well, she's really talkative and funny. She's about well, in her late teens. She's pretty tall with a really good figure. She has a kind of oval-shaped face, and a turned up nose - very pretty in a way. She has long wavy black hair and - uh - blue eyes with very long eyelashes. Her complexion is - well, she's olive skinned. Her lips are very full, and she has dimples - the cutest little dimples in her cheeks.
17. Chuck.
He's a real big guy, you know, well-built with very broad shoulders. Not fat at all, but solid. He's in his early thirties. He's dark-skinned and he has a long face with thin lips. Oh, and scar on his chin. He has dark curly hair, almost black, and wears it short but with long sideburns and a moustache. His eyes - I haven't really noticed the colour - he wears glasses - brown, I guess. He has thick eyebrows and a kind of a long straight nose. He's pretty reserved and quiet, sometimes even moody.
18. Janet.
She's very sophisticated. Well-dressed, one of those expensive haircuts, you know. I'd say she was in her late thirties or early forties, but she looks younger. She's about average height and very slim. Her hair's very blonde - dyed, I think, but I'm not sure. It's always very neat, not long. She has light grey eyes with thin eyebrows. Her face is always sun-tanned and very well made up. It's an attractive face - not really beautiful, but attractive - handsome, if you know what I mean. High cheekbones, small chin - oh, and there's a beauty mark on her left cheek. She's a very confident and reliable sort of person, very so ciable and always very polite.
19. Bob.
Bob's a terrible person. He's elderly but not really old - cheerful and friendly and funny. He's probably in his early seventies. He has white hair, receding a little, and a small white beard. He's medium build, a little overweight maybe. He has nice, big brown eyes, and he always seems to be smiling - lots of wrinkles around the eyes, but they're smile lines not frown lines. He has a very high, lined forehead that makes him look very intelligent - which he is, of course.
20. The Smile of a Snake.
She speaks slowly, and smokes special, expensive cigarettes. As she steps upstairs, her long skirt sweeps over her silver slippers. She is small and smart and sweet-smelling. Her skin is like snow. "You have stolen my heart!" I once said stupidly, and she smiled. But when she smiled, she smiled the smile of a snake.
21. She was slender and graceful, so that she seemed taller than she was; she had beautifully shaped arms and a brightness in her face. Her fair, very slightly reddish hair flowed back from her low broad forehead; the colour under her delicate skin was bright and quick, and her mouth always smiled faintly. Her eyes were brightly blue except when the
spirit of mischief took her and then they became black, and there was something about the upper and the lower lids that made them not only the prettiest but the sweetest and kindlest
eyes in the world.
(H.G. Wells)
22. The colonel is a fine-looking man. His hair is white. So is his moustache. His face is cleanly shaven showing a bronzed complexion. The expression of his face is kind though firm. The colonel has three sons. Basil, the eldest of the boys, is seventeen eyes of age. He is a fine-looking lad though not handsome. He looks very brave and strong. His hair is straight and black. He is, in fact, the son of his father.
How very unlike him is Lucien, the second of age. Lucien is delicate, with a light complexion and very fair hair. He is more like what his mother was, for she was a blonde. The colonel's youngest son is a quick-witted, curly-haired boy - cheerful at all times.
23. Edward Reigart was a tall pale man of forty. His face spoke of his cleverness and kindness. He made a good impression.
But how different was his companion! He looked like a fox; his face was selfish and cruel. He was a short man, thinly-built, but he did not look weak. He had black hair. His large-nosed face was deathly pale. He was about fifty.
(Moyne Reid)
24. All I could see by the moonlight was a colourless, youthful face, thin sharp to look at about the cheeks and chin; large, grave, attentive eyes; nervous, uncertain lips; and light hair of a pale, brownish-yellow hue. There was nothing wild, nothing immodest in her manner: it was quiet and self-controlled, a little melancholy and a little touched by suspicion; not exactly the manner of a lady, and, at the same time, not the manner of a woman in the humblest rank of life. The voice, little as I had yet heard of it, had something curiously still and mechanical in its tones, and the utterance was remarkably rapid. Her figure was slender, graceful and rather above the medium height - her gait and actions free from the slightest approach to extravagance. This was all that I could observe of her in the dim light and under the strange circumstances of our meeting.
(W. Collins)
25. His wife was a little woman with prominent black eyes. Her dull smooth hair was carefully arranged in a tight knot. Her face was long, like a sheep's, but she gave no impression of foolishness. She had the quick movements of a bird. The most remarkable thing about her was her voice, high, metallic, and without inflexion. She looked old for her age.
responsible - ответственный irresponsible - безответственный painstaking - старательный businesslike - деловой
ambitious - честолюбивый skilful - умелый
handy - искусный dextrous - расторопный
highly-skilled - квалифицированный unskilled - неквалифицированный
HI. Education - образование well-educated - хорошо образованный uneducated - малообразованный well-read - начитанный
ignorant —невежественный illiterate - неграмотный
IV. Manners and Attitudes - поведение и межличностные отношения polite - вежливый
impolite - невежливый delicate - тонкий
rude - грубый refined - утончённый vulgar - вульгарный tactful - тактичный
well-mannered - с хорошими манерами ill-mannered - с плохими манерами courteous - любезный
timid, shy - застенчивый bare-faced - развязный snobbish - сноб
arrogant - высокомерный, заносчивый peaceful - миролюбивый
mild - мягкий quiet - тихий
aggressive - агрессивный meek - покорный
wilful - своевольный obstinate - упрямый naughty - капризный submissive - уступчивый tolerant - терпимый obedient - послушный noble - благородный
mean - низкий, подлый; жадный honest - честный
principled - принципиальный decent - порядочный trustworthy - надёжный faithful - верный
trustful - доверчивый
suspicious - подозрительный sincere - искренний
frank - откровенный, открытый secretive - скрытный
false —лживый double-faced - двуличный flattering - льстивый
sympathetic - полный сочувствия indifferent - равнодушный kind-hearted - добрый hard-hearted - бессердечный compassionate —сострадательный cruel - жестокий
merciless - беспощадный selfish —эгоистичный selfless - самоотверженный self-centred - эгоцентричный mercenary —корыстный generous - щедрый
greedy, mean - жадный well-disposed - благожелательный friendly - дружелюбный
amiable - приветливый malicious - злобный
good-tempered - с хорошим характером bad-tempered - вспыльчивый, с тяжелым характером good-natured - добродушный
fierce - свирепый
mild, gentle - мягкий, кроткий just - справедливый
V. Temperament - темперамент balanced —уравновешенный cold-blooded - хладнокровный
self-possessed, self-controlled - выдержанный hot-tempered - вспыльчивый
emotional - эмоциональный thick-skinned - толстокожий touchy - ранимый
sensitive - чувствительный passionate - страстный patient - терпеливый cautious - осторожный reckless - безрассудный active - подвижный
lively - живой inert - инертный
extroverted - экстравертированный introverted - интровертированный sociable - общительный
talkative - разговорчивый