1 курс / Латинский язык / Латинский_язык_и_основы_медицинской_терминологии_Жура_В_В_,_Мартинсон

10. Translate into English:

C. Gingivitis gravidarum, granulema subcutaneum odontogenum, caries acuta profunda, hypoplasia enameli, caries simplex, hyperaesthesia dentium, hyperaemia pulpae, pulpitis acuta diffusa, pulpitis chronica gangraenosa, periodontitis apicalis, calculus supragingivalis, stomatitis ulcerosa, cheilitis superficialis.

VOCABULARY EXTENSION 6

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NOTE 1. When combined with the name of an organ pneumo- denotes ‘presence of air in this organ’. If the term includes –graphia, then pneumo- means ‘introduction of a gas into an organ’ to perform contrast radiography. The stems pneumon- and seldom –pneum- are used to denote the lung.

NOTE 2. The initial haemo- or haema-to joined to the name of an organ means bleeding in this organ’s cavity. Moreover, the name of an organ is used, as a rule, in the Nominative Case without any suffixes (haematocolpos).Terms indicating collection of fliud or pus in the organ’s cavity are built in the similar way (hydrometra – fluid in the uterus).

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UNIT 7

COMBINING FORMS DESIGNATING VARIOUS PROPERTIES,

QUALITIES AND RELATIONS

Exercises

1. Explain the terms below:

A. 1. Homogeneous, heterogeneous, isometry, anisometry, thermophilic, cryocauter (cauter – instrument for cauterization, i.e. burning the surface of the body, esp. in order to destroy infection or stop a wound), thermocauter, brachycephalia, brachydactylia, bradycardia, tachycardia, somatogenic, psychogenic, feminization, masculinization, androphobia, hepatolienal (barrier).

2.Heterotopia (atypical localization of tissues), isotope, heterochromia, neophilia, neophobia, neonatology, melanoma, xerophthalmia, brachyspondylia, otorhoea, bradysystolia, tachysystolia, homeostasis, hypoxy, acrocyanosis, glomerulonephritis, enterobiopsy.

3.Acetonuria, myelosclerosis, phlebotensiogram, acroosteolysis, acidophilic, macrospondylia, teleroentgenotherapy, pseudoretinoblastoma, neoplasm, psychotherapy, oxyhaemometer, oxyhaemograph, tonometry, topographic, panophthalmitis, hypersthenia, pharmacotherapy, pharmacoangiography, psychosomatics, psychohygiene, gerontopsychiatry, polyangiitis, polyarteriitis, polyarthritis, polymastia, enteroptosis, polyneuritis, polyradiculitis, pancarditis, myelogenic.

B. Pachymeninx (= dura mater), panvasculitis, leptomeninx (= piaarachnoid coat), angiosarcoma, dolichocephalia, dolichocolon, heteromorphosis, necrotomia, allergy, lactogenesis, hypermnesia, phonopaedia, hemiplegia, poliomyelitis, polioencephalitis, hemiglossitis, autolysis, myelomalacia, oncogenesis, leucosis or leukaemia.

C. Brachygnathia, adentia, xerocheilia, xerostomia, agnathia, cheilorrhagia, retrogenia, progenia, retrognathia, prognathia, orthognathia, orthocheilia.

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2. Build Latin terms for the following:

I

1.Auto- NB! autopsia -examination of the corpse to establish the cause of death

-transfusion of one's own blood

2.Allo- different reaction of the body

3.Hetero - of different origin

4.Homo- of similar origin

5.Iso- of equal pressure / tension

6.Aniso- unequal cell size

7.Neo - NB! neonatologia - a science about newborns

8.Tele- transmitting feelings and thoughts to a distant person

-moving objects without touching them

9.Pseudo- Pseudopodia (pes, pedis m)

10.Ortho- correction of human body deformities correction of dental deformities

11.Xero- dry skin

NB! Vitamin A = Axerophtholum

12.Cryo- treating with cold

13.-thermia - reaction releasing heat

reaction absorbing heat low body temperature high body temperature

Thermo- body temperature measuring

14.PyrNB! - antipyretic drugs

15.Macro- abnormally large head

16.Micro- abnormally small head

17.-megalia - abnormally large extremities

abnormally large spleen abnormally large liver NB! Megalomania

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18.Poly- great amount of urine, excessive urination eating a lot/heavily

multiple inflammation of joints

19.Olig- small amount of urine, insufficient urination

20.Pan- Pandemia

NB! Panophthalmitis - inflammation of all eye coatings

21.Brachy- abnormally short head

-short vertebrae

22.Brady- slow heartbeat

23.Tachy- quick/fast movement quick/fast heartbeat quick/fast breathing

24.Chrom- coloured body Chromat- NB! Achromatopsia

25.Leuk- increased amount of leukocytes in blood

26.Erythr- fear of red colour

27.Cyan- blue extremities

28.Melan- black tumor

29.Polio- inflammation of grey spinal marrow Poly- multiple inflammation of muscles

30.Glyk- increased glucose in blood NB! Glucosuria

II

1.Auto- damage/destruction of cells by their own lysines.

2.Auto - arbitrary, self-perpetuating movement.

3.Auto- seeing for oneself, seeing with one's own eyes

4.Hetero- development of pathological histological elements in an organ, tissue.

5.Hetero- colour differences between 2 parts of one and the same unit, structure.

6.-poesis sweating, pespiration.

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7.Homeo- treatment with small doses of a substance that acts in the same way as the causing agent of the disease.

8.Iso- balance between inflow and outflow of fluid in the organism.

9.-phagia - digestion of cells by their own enzymes.

10.Aniso- asymmetric mammary glands.

11.Aniso- pulse differences in similar arteries on both sides

12.Neo- formation/regeneration of tissue in the place of the damaged one

13.Tele- distant measuring

14.Atelo- incomplete development of the body or its parts

15.Pseudo- false arthrosis

16.Pseudo- hallucinations, seeing imagined objects

17.Ortho - normal bite/occlusion

18.Ortho- correcting bone deformities/defects

19.Xero- dryness of oral mucosa (as a result of decreased secretion by salivary glands)

20.Xero- dry lips

21.Xero- pathologically dry skin, mucosas, conjunctiva.

22.Cryo- a pathological state caused by exposure to cold

23.Therm- susceptibility to temperature

24.Therm- burning pain

25.Therm- a chart showing the temperatures of different points on the surface of body

26.Pyr- fear of fire

27.Pyr- heartburn, burning pain in the stomach

28.Macro- unusually large teeth

29.Macro- unusually large nails

30.Macro- unusually large hands

31.Micro- extremely small tongue

32.-megalia - pathologically long intestine

33.Megalo- unusually large stomach

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34.Oligo- insufficient nourishment, nutrition

35.Olig- insufficient amount of blood in the body

36.Poly- excessive, heavy sweating

37.Poly- inflammation of several cartilages

38.Poly- paralysis of several muscles

39.Pan- inflammation of both inner and middle ear

40.Pant- aching all over the body

41.Brachy- pathologically short middle phalanges of fingers

42.Brady- slackened/ slow speech

43.Chromat- pathological colouring of urine

44.Chromat- causing (responsible for) pigmentation

45.Leuk- incision of white substance of the brain

46.Erythr- a state when all objects seem to be red or reddish

47.Erythr- shortage of erythrocytes in blood

48.Erythr- destruction of erythrocytes swallowed by phagocytes

49.Cyan- a state when all objects seem to be bluish (after a cataract removal)

50.Melan- a mental disorder manifesting itself as apathy or indifference to what is going on, depression

51.Melan- excreting dark urine, which is caused by melanin or other pigment

52.Glyc- presence of sugar in cerebrospinal fluid

53.Polio- premature greying of hair

3. Explain the following terms:

A. Xenotransplantatio, xerodermia, xerophilus, telepathia, orthopaedia, pseudostenosis, orthopnoë, cryoretinopexia, cryothalamotomia, thermoplegia, coloptosis, brachyphalangia, sclerodermia, necrobiosis (reversible process of physiological dying of tissues in contrast to necrosis), melanodermia, leucodermia, hyperglykaemia, glucosuria, melanoma, melanomatosis, cyanodermia, cyanosis, cyanuria, dyschromatopsia, chromatophorus, acroanaesthesia, oligophrenia.

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B. Hemiparesis, platycephalia, bathypnoë, heteroplasia, acidaemia, xanthodermia, chloropsia, poliomyelitis, anonychia, chlorodontia, chondrosarcoma.

4. Translate into English:

Dilatatio ventriculi sinistri, stupor psychogĕnus, ileus duodeni, xanthochromia congestiva liquoris cerebrospinalis, vitium cordis, appendicitis recurrens, leptomeningitis serosa acuta, gingivitis hypertrophica, abscessus peritonealis, thorax asthenicus, facies myopathica, poliomyelitis acuta, sclerosis angiog ĕna, parodontopathia trophica, bronchoectasis congenita, resectio ventriculi subtotalis, extirpatio uteri supravaginalis, ulcus duodeni, palpitatio cordis, tuberculosis pulmonum cavernosa, abscessus palati duri, sanatio cavitatis oris, abrasio uteri, dilatatio cordis myogena, collapsus cardiogenus, tabes hypophysialis, syndroma gastrocardiale.

5. Build terms matching the description:

Science about old age, removal of mammary gland, pain in the mammary gland, swallowing of air, low insulin level in blood, low potassium level in blood, inflammation of all arteries, disorder of urination, unilateral paresis, disturbed sensitivity, increased sensitivity, respiratory disorder (shortness of breath), nutritional disorder, increased hydrostatic pressure, small spleen, large liver, dry lips, dilation of the blind gut, decreased content of oxygen in blood, fast heart beat, low count of erythrocytes in blood, X-ray examination of the gallbladder, examination of the urinary bladder, prolapse of the uterus, uterine bleeding, complete removal of the uterus, insufficient urination, abundant urination, increased count of leucocytes in blood, small lower jaw, small upper jaw.

VOCABULARY EXTENSION 7

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