- •Textbook Series
- •Contents
- •Introduction
- •1 ICAO Annex 6
- •Introduction
- •Compliance with the Law
- •Operational Control
- •Safety
- •Alternate Aerodromes
- •Flight time
- •Flight Safety and Accident Prevention
- •Maintenance Release
- •Lighting of Aircraft
- •Navigation Lights
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •2 EU-OPS General Requirements
- •Applicability
- •Common Language
- •Quality System
- •Accident Prevention and Flight Safety Programme
- •Additional Crew Members
- •Ditching
- •Carriage of Persons
- •Crew Responsibilities
- •Responsibilities of the Commander
- •Authority of the Commander
- •Admission to the Flight Deck
- •Unauthorized Carriage
- •Portable Electronic Devices
- •Drugs and Alcohol
- •Endangering Safety
- •Documents to Be Carried
- •Manuals to Be Carried
- •Additional Information and Forms to Be Carried
- •Information to Be Retained on the Ground
- •Power to Inspect
- •Production and Preservation of Documents and Recordings
- •Leasing of Aeroplanes
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •3 Operator Supervision and Certification
- •Rules for the Certification of an Air Operator
- •Applicant Requirements
- •Aeroplane Maintenance
- •Variation, Revocation or Suspension of an AOC
- •Key Post Holders within the Operation
- •Main Operating Base
- •Aeroplanes
- •Other Considerations
- •Contents and Conditions of an AOC
- •Terminology
- •Operations Manual (OM)
- •General Rules for Operations Manuals
- •Ops Manual Amendments
- •Competence of Operations Personnel
- •Aeroplane Maintenance
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •4 Operational Procedures
- •Establishment of Procedures
- •Use of Air Traffic Control
- •Authorization and Selection of Aerodromes by the Operator
- •Meteorological Conditions
- •Approach and Landing Conditions
- •Aerodrome Operating Minima (AOM)
- •Commencement and Continuation of Approach
- •Instrument Departure and Approach Procedures
- •Noise Abatement Procedures
- •Routes and Areas of Operation
- •RVSM Operations
- •Operations in MNPS Airspace
- •Maximum Distance from an Adequate Aerodrome for Two-engine Aeroplanes without an ETOPS Approval
- •Extended Range Operations with Twin-engine Aeroplanes (ETOPS)
- •Establishment of Minimum Flight Altitudes
- •Fuel Policy
- •Carriage of Persons with Reduced Mobility (PRMs)
- •Carriage of Inadmissible Passengers, Deportees or Persons in Custody
- •Stowage of Baggage and Cargo and Galley Equipment
- •Passenger Seating
- •Passenger Briefing
- •Flight Preparation
- •ATS Flight Plan
- •Refuelling and De-fuelling
- •Crew Members at Duty Stations
- •Seats, Safety Belts and Harnesses
- •Smoking
- •Ice and Other Contaminants
- •Use of Supplemental Oxygen
- •Ground Proximity Detection
- •Occurrence Reporting
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •5 All Weather Operations
- •Introduction
- •Aerodrome Operating Minima: Operator’s Responsibility
- •Classification of Aeroplanes
- •Terminology
- •Take-off Minima
- •Visual Reference
- •Required RVR/Visibility
- •Figure 5.2 Exceptions
- •System Minima
- •Non-precision Approach
- •Minimum Descent Height
- •Visual Reference
- •Required RVR
- •No Decision Height Operations
- •Visual Reference
- •Category III RVR Requirements
- •Circling
- •Visual Approach
- •VFR Operating Minima
- •Special VFR
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •6 Aeroplane Equipment and Instruments
- •Introduction
- •Basic Requirements
- •Internal Doors and Curtains
- •First Aid Kits
- •First Aid Oxygen
- •Break-in Markings
- •Means of Emergency Evacuation
- •Cockpit Voice Recorders (CVRs)
- •Summary
- •CVRs – Operation, Construction and Installation
- •Flight Data Recorders (FDRs)
- •Summary
- •Equipment for Compliance with Flight Rules
- •Single-pilot IFR Operations
- •Altitude Alerting System
- •Standby Horizon
- •Aeroplane Lighting
- •Flights over Water
- •Long Range Flights
- •Weather Radar
- •Equipment for Operations in Icing Conditions
- •Machmeter
- •ACAS
- •Communications Equipment
- •Internal Communications
- •Audio Selector Panel (ASP)
- •Navigation Equipment
- •Instrument Procedures
- •Installation
- •Electrical Circuit Fusing
- •Windshield Wipers
- •Items not Requiring Approval
- •Seats and Harnesses
- •‘Fasten Seat Belts’ and ‘No Smoking’ Signs
- •Carriage and Use of Supplemental Oxygen
- •Crew Protective Breathing Equipment (PBE)
- •Crash Axes and Crowbars
- •Megaphones
- •Emergency Lighting
- •Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT)
- •Survival Equipment
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •7 Crew, Logs and Records
- •Crew Composition
- •Commander
- •Relief of the Commander
- •Relief of the Co-pilot
- •System Panel Operator
- •Relief of System Panel Operator
- •Minimum Flight Crew for Operations under IFR or at Night
- •Conversion, Training and Checking
- •Type Rating
- •Conversion Training
- •Difference and Familiarization Training
- •Recurrent Training and Checking
- •Operator Proficiency Check
- •Line Checks
- •Emergency and Safety Equipment Training and Checking
- •Crew Resource Management (CRM) Training
- •Ground and Refresher Training
- •Aeroplane/STD Training
- •Pilot Qualifications to Operate in Either Pilot Seat
- •Recent Experience
- •Route and Aerodrome Qualification for Commander or PF
- •Operations on More Than One Type or Variant
- •Operation of Aeroplanes and Helicopters
- •Training Records
- •Cabin Crew
- •Journey Log
- •Operational Flight Plan (OFP)
- •Storage Periods
- •Flight and Duty Time Limitations
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •8 Long Range Flight and Polar Navigation
- •Navigation System Degradation
- •Course and INS Cross-checking
- •Unable to Continue in Accordance with ATC Clearance
- •Polar Navigation
- •Grid Navigation
- •Minimum Time Routes
- •Questions
- •Answers.
- •Introduction
- •Considerations
- •References
- •Transoceanic Navigation Problems
- •The Airspace
- •MNPS Authority
- •RVSM
- •Navigation System Requirements
- •Navigation System Serviceability
- •NAT Tracks
- •OTS Track Designation
- •OTS Changeover
- •Track Message Identifier (TMI)
- •Track Routings
- •Allocation of FLs
- •Domestic Routes
- •Polar Track Structure (PTS)
- •Other Routes within NAT MNPS Airspace
- •Route Structures Adjacent to NAT MNPS Airspace
- •Brest Oceanic Transition Area (BOTA)
- •Communications
- •SELCAL
- •Position Reports
- •Radio Failure in the North Atlantic Area
- •Initial Clearance
- •Transition
- •Meteorological Reports
- •Special Contingencies and Procedures
- •Strategic Lateral Offset Procedure (SLOP)
- •Deviation Around Severe Weather
- •Unable to Obtain Revised Clearance
- •Navigation System Failure
- •Errors Associated with Oceanic Clearances
- •Pre-flight and In-flight Procedures
- •Questions
- •Answers.
- •10 Special Operational Procedures and Hazards
- •Operating Procedures
- •Minimum Equipment List (MEL) and Master Minimum Equipment List (MMEL)
- •Ground De-icing and Anti-icing Procedures
- •The Clean Aircraft Concept
- •Bird Strike Risk and Avoidance
- •Hazard to Aeroplanes
- •Bird Strike Report
- •Incompatible Land Use around Airports
- •Noise Abatement
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •11 Fire and Smoke
- •Fire and Smoke
- •Fire in the Aeroplane
- •The Number and Location of Hand-held Fire Extinguishers
- •Smoke
- •Crew Protective Breathing Equipment (PBE)
- •Crash Axes and Crowbars
- •Overheated Brakes
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •12 Pressurization Failure
- •Pressurization Failure
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •13 Windshear and Microburst
- •Windshear and Microburst
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •14 Wake Turbulence
- •Wake Turbulence
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •15 Security
- •Security
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •16 Emergency and Precautionary Landings
- •Emergency and Precautionary Landings
- •Ditching
- •Precautionary Landing
- •Passenger Briefing
- •Evacuation
- •Megaphones
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •17 Fuel Jettison
- •Fuel Jettison
- •Jettison System Certification Requirement
- •Jettisoning Procedure
- •Safety
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •18 Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air
- •Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air
- •Technical Instructions
- •Labelling and Packaging
- •Loading Restrictions
- •Provision of Information
- •Emergencies
- •Training
- •Accident and Incident Reporting
- •Acceptance of Dangerous Goods
- •Inspection for Damage, Leakage or Contamination
- •Labelling
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •19 Contaminated Runways
- •Contaminated Runways
- •Contaminated Runway
- •Damp Runway
- •Wet Runway
- •Dry Runway
- •Contaminant Depth Limitations
- •Aquaplaning (Hydroplaning)
- •Braking Action
- •Coefficient of Friction
- •Performance Considerations
- •SNOWTAMs
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •20 Revision Questions
- •Questions
- •Answers
- •21 Index
Operator Supervision and Certification |
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Aeroplane Maintenance
All aeroplanes used in the operation are to be maintained and released to service by an appropriate ‘EC regulation part-145’ approved/accepted organization. Pre-flight inspections (see definition) need not necessarily be carried out by the part-145 organization. Continuing airworthiness requirements are laid down in ‘EC regulation part-M’.
Operator Supervision and Certification 3
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1. |
What are the general rules regarding the issue of an AOC? |
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Operators must own enough aeroplanes to conduct safe operations |
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Aeroplanes should be registered in the state where the AOC is issued |
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Operators must be certified in accordance with EASA part 145 |
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d. |
The Accountable Manager must be the holder of a full ATPL |
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2. |
What must be stated on the AOC? |
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Name of the Accountable Manager |
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b. |
Registration markings of all aeroplanes |
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c. |
Aerodrome operating minima for all aerodromes cleared for use |
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d. |
Date of expiry of the AOC |
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3. |
Where would a pilot find the MEL for his aeroplane? |
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AFM |
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b. |
Ops Manual part C |
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c. |
Ops Manual part B |
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d. |
Company Procedures Manual |
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4. |
Can the Ops Manual be stored electronically? |
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Yes but not on the aircraft |
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b. |
No |
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Yes |
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d. |
Yes but only on the aircraft |
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5. |
What language must the Ops Manual normally be produced in? |
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English |
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b. |
French |
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c. |
Spanish |
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d. |
All major languages used in the EU |
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6. |
If, during the pre-flight inspection, the pilot notices an aerial missing from the |
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airframe; |
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he must refer to the CDL, and if it is listed he can continue |
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b. |
he must refer to the MEL and if it is listed he can continue |
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c. |
he must report it after flight |
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d. |
he must report it before flight |
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Questions 3
Questions 3
31
3 Answers
Answers
Answers 3
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a |
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