Пособия / english-for-builders-and-architects

e) a reinforced slab makes suspended concrete construction possible

Figure 11.5. Principles of Deflection in Concrete

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d)an unreinforced slab is impossible to use

e)a

r e i n

13 Read the text and choose appropriate headings to each step:

LAMINATE FLOORING INSTALLATION

a)Install the First Row

b)Install Thresholds and Base Molding

c)Install the Flooring

d)Clean the Subfloor, Remove Base Molding

e)Install the Vapor Barrier

f)Install the Last Plank

g)Stack the Laminate Flooring before Installation

h)Trim the Door Jambs

Step1. Temperature and humidity can affect flooring planks. Acclimate the flooring in the house for 48 hours before installation.

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Stack the laminate flooring being used flat on the floor. Remove any plastic wrapping from the boxes and leave air space around each box. Have about 10% % more flooring than the square feet of area of the room.

Step 2. Clean the subfloor to make sure it's free of any dirt and debris. If installing on top of a new concrete floor wait until the floor is fully cured. Using a pry bar and hammer, carefully remove all base molding (if necessary) and place it out of the way.

Step 3. Start by laying out the vapor barrier one row at a time from the longest wall of the room. When joining two sheets of barrier together, follow the manufacturer's directions. Some manufacturers will have you overlap the vapor barrier and some will have you butt each row against the previous one.

Step 4. Lay a piece of flooring flat on the subfloor and up against the door jambs. Use it as a guide to mark the jambs so that the new flooring can slide underneath the jamb. Use a “flat” saw or a coping saw to cut the jambs, making sure to cut parallel to the subfloor. This will give the floor and jamb a nice finished look without having to remove the entire jamb.

Step 5. For the best appearance, lay planks parallel to the longest wall. Install the first plank with the groove toward the wall. Place 1/2 spacers against the wall and push the first plank up against them. These spaces create an expansion gap so that the floor can "breathe" (expand and contract) and not warp or buckle. This gap will be covered later with base molding. The spacers also allow the floor to have a firm base to install against. Place the spacers about every 12 inches along the wall and at the end of each plank against adjoining walls.

Step 6. For each plank, match tongue to groove and tap it into place using a scrap piece of flooring to protect the planks. Make sure the pieces fit snugly together and that there are no gaps along the length of the planks. While installing subsequent rows, stagger the joints of the flooring. When starting a new row, offset it six to eight inches so the joints at the ends of planks are not lined up row to row (which can weaken the floor and create a too-uniform look).

Step 7. The last plank will need to be trimmed to fit. To mark the plank to the correct width place a plank directly over the next to last plank and place another on top of that and slide the top plank until it

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WRITING

16 Render the text in English using the expressions from Appendix 2:

ДЕРЕВЯННЫЕ ПОЛЫ

Обустройство пола – это один из основных этапов внутренней отделки любого помещения. Дерево – это натуральный, природный материал, превосходно подходящий для обустройства полов, как в городских квартирах, так и в загородных коттеджах. Дерево обладает способностью поддерживать оптимальный микроклимат в помещении. В условиях повышенной влажности деревянные полы впитывают влагу, а затем аккумулируют ее, по мере необходимости. Деревянные полы позволяют не только сохранять тепло, но и обладают высокой звукоизоляцией. Это качество делает дерево оптимальным решением для отделки пола.

Материалом для обустройства полов может стать дерево любых пород, как обычная сосна, так и редкие сорта – кедр, красное дерево и т.д. Монтаж деревянных полов не потребует много времени.

Прочность и надежность деревянных полов позволяет значительно продлить их срок эксплуатации. В отличие от таких покрытий, как ламинат, деревянные полы способны прослужить в течение многих лет. К тому же, деревянные полы отличаются простотой в уходе и не требуют сложного ремонта. Поверхность можно неоднократно циклевать.

Отличный внешний вид деревянных полов сочетается с любым интерьером.

В зависимости от типа здания, деревянный пол может укладываться на следующие поверхности: перекрытия, выполненные из железобетонных плит (панельные или кирпичные квартирные дома), деревянные либо стальные балки, столбы-подпорки (частные дома либо коттеджи). Перед укладкой доски пропитываются специальным составом, защищающим древесину от воздействия влаги и жучков-древоточцев.

Современные деревянные полы отличаются надежностью и долговечностью. Они легко окрашиваются, либо покрываются однокомпонентным лаком. Полы из натурального дерева быстро

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has built an enviable reputation as the market leader in the repair and preservation of all types of property from private housing to historic buildings.

1.My ground floor is suspended timber. When it rains the area below the floor fills with water. What do you suggest?

2.How to deal with damp in concrete floor?

3.My house is over 100 years and sweats. This causes mould and rotting floors and walls. How do I stop this?

4.When wood turns black, what does this mean?

5.I have fungi growing under the laminated flooring under the sink area in the kitchen. The fungi developed after the washing machine leak. The fungi is pasta type color in different sizes. Is this dangerous? What can I use to clear it?

6.What happens if I puncture the floor membrane?

7.Is the only fix for water pressure under my basement concrete floor new footer tiles?

8.Removed carpet, bare sub floor gets damp when humidity is up or it rains. No water lines run under it. It's about a foot away from any wall.

20 a) Read and translate the text:

WHY ARE WE STILL HAVING PROBLEMS

WITH MOISTURE AND CONCRETE FLOOR SLABS?

(after Howard Kanare)

Water is an essential ingredient in concrete, but uncontrolled excessive moisture can create a whole host of problems with concrete floor slabs. Some of the modes of distress include:

Adhesive breakdown of adhered finish floor coveringsDebonding of coatings

Osmotic blisters of epoxy systems including coatings and epoxy terrazzo

High pH (alkalai) attack of floor finishesMicrobial growths

Flooring expansion, such as cupping of wood strips or planks

Reactions between incompatible floor patching/ leveling materials.

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Unfortunately, there are currently no official certification standards for bamboo flooring. That means that quality or hardness of the bamboo flooring can actually vary, depending on the producing company.

Bamboo floors can be easy to scratch or dent if they are damaged by heavy furniture that is moved or jolted. Many people with rowdy children choose not to get bamboo flooring because children tend to be hard on floors.

Under direct sunlight, bamboo loses its colour easily especially if it is in naturally-lit rooms. That means it is better to use it in darker rooms where direct exposure to sunlight is kept at a minimum, which may not be an option for some people.

22 Topics for projects and presentations:

1.Types of subfloor construction.

2.Floating floor.

3.Floor vibration.

4.Underfloor heating.

5.Modern tendency: glass floor.

Word List yo Unit 11