n29fIAwxpY

the presence of sulfur, chlorine, fluorine and Fe, Ti, Zn, Cr, Al., Mn. Chemical analyzes have confirmed this data. Analysis of zinc decomposition indicates that the highest contents of the zinc accumulate within Pierovomajska and Gorki Streets (in the immediate vicinity of the gas station and the industrial part of the city). Significantly lower content of this metal was found in the Danilova and Aeronavtov Streets. Most were on the outskirts of the city along the main Aeronavtov streets, 50 Centuries of Oktiabria and Pronina to attain the lowest values in the strictest sense. In the case of iron most of it was found in ul. Pronina and Danilova. In the vicinity of the Pronina ul starts a complex of various plants perhaps the corrosion of these buildings contributed to the anomaly of iron. The location at Danilowa Street is characterized by elevated iron, copper, titanium and nickel and chromium. This is probably due to the city center location (although the test was taken away from the main street). In the case of arsenic, its elevated content near the railway line can be explained by the fact that it is a large transshipment station with a rolling stock of high-speed rail. Analysis of cadmium content shows that there is relatively a lot of it in the area of Pionierskaya and Jedomajskaya streets. In most trials, elevated metal content can be explained by a circular motion that is located in the main streets of the city. Perhaps the elevated background is also given to the establishments located in various parts thereof and the railway line. Research on plant samples from nearby hills showed some values of copper, nickel and zinc, and, lead and chromium (Huber 2016). This may indicate that these contaminants are involved in human activities. Certain values of these impurities may come from the background of the substrate.

20000,00

15000,00

10000,00

5000,00

0,00

Kk01 Kk02 Kk03 Kk04 Kk05 Kk06 Kk07 Kk08 Kk09 Kk10

Suma

Fig. 6.4. Graph of cumulative values of metals in Candelabra samples

Studies on cumulative pollution show that most of them are sample 09 (Gorky ul) near 18 thousand ppm, and for tests 01 and 04 (Danilova and Pierbomajskaya) 14 thousand ppm. These samples come from central streets with increased traffic. The lowest cumulative values were obtained for sample 03 (around Hotel Belomoryee) within 5 ppm ppm (fig. 6.4).

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6.5. Conclusions

Kandalaksza is a relatively young city, dominated by wooden buildings and blockhouses (planking). The city is well cared for as a result of the developed industry in it. The samples tested show a certain variety of metal dopants. This diversity is due to the interaction of pollution, corrosion of urban infrastructure and the ground. The highest metal content was found in the areas of the main streets, and near the industrial zone of the city. Many impurities are laid down along the streets of Aeronavt, Piervomayskaya, Pronina. Much less pollution was found within the central square near the Belomorye Hotel.

6.6. References

1.Bridgwater D., Scott D., Balagancky V.V., Timmerman M.J., Marker M., Bushmin

S.A., Aleksieyev H., Daly J.S., 1999, Środowisko wczesnoprekambryjskich metaosadów w laplandzko-kolskim pasie wg rezultatów 207Pb/206Pb datowania pojedynczych ziaren cyrkonów i Sm-Nd izotopowych danych całych skał., Dokłady Rosyjskiej Akademii Nauk Geologia, t.366, vol. 6, ss. 664-668,

2.Cheng, Y., Lee, S.C., Ho, K.F., Wang, Y.Q., Cao, J.J., Chow, J.C., Watson, J.G.; 2006, Black carbon measurement in a coastal area of south China. Journal of Geophysics Research 111, D12310.

3.Davies N., Moorhouse R.; 2002, Mikrokosmos: Portret miasta

środkowoeuropejskiego, Kraków.

4.Dod, R.L., Giauque, R.D., Novakov, T.; 1986, Sulfate and carbonaceous aerosols in Beijing, China. Atmospheric Environment 20, 2271–2275.

5.Georg J., Grässe T.; 1861, Orbis latinus oder Verzeichniss der lateinischen Benennungen der bekanntesten Städte etc., Meere, Seen, Berge und Flüsse in allen

Theilen der Erde nebst einem deutsch-lateinischen Register derselben. T. Ein

Supplement zu jedem lateinischen und geographischen Wörterbuche. Dresden: G. Schönfeld’s Buchhandlung (C. A. Werner).

6.Huber M., 2001, Geological and Petrographic Characteristics of the Lapland Granulite Belt Near Kandalaksha at the White Sea, Kola Peninsula, Northern Russia., Mineralia Slovaca, vol. 2, ss. 17–31.

7.Huber M., 2013; Petrological characteristics of the metamorphosed metaintrusives in amphibolite and granulite facies of the Kandalaksha part of Lapland Granulite Belt (Kola Peninsula, NW Russia), Journal of Biology and Earth Sciences, 2013, Vol 3, Issue 2, E39-E46.

8.Huber M., 2014: Geochemical atlas of the Kandalaksha part of Lapland Granulite Belt (Kola Peninsula, NW Russia), Journal of Biologyand Earth Sciences vol. 4 (1), E1-15.

9.Jędrysiak T.; 2008, Turystyka kulturowa, PWE, Warszawa.

10.Kowalczyk J. (red); 1995, Ochrona dziedzictwa kulturowego zachodnich i północnych ziem Polski, SKZ, PKN ICOMOS, Warszawa.

11.Kozlov N. E., Ivanov A. A., 1991: Composition of metamorphic rocks and some aspects of evolution of the Lapland Granulite Belt on The Kola Peninsula, USSR.

Geological Survey of Norway Norges Geologiske Undersøklese Biuletin 421, Trondheim, Norway, 19–32.

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12.Kozlov N.E., Avedisyan A.A., Balashov J.A., Iwanov A.A., Kamienskaya A.D., Mukhamedova I. W., Polkanova W. A., Pripachkin W.A., Rispolozhensky J.A., Tarnovetsky L.L., 1995: Some new aspects of geology, deep structure, geochemistry and geochronology of the Lapland Granulite Belt, Baltic Shield. Geology of the eastern Finnmark –western Kola Peninsula region, Geological

Survey of Norway, Norges Geologiske Undersøklese Biuletin, Special Publ. 7,

Trondheim, Norway, 157–166.

13.Mukai, H., et al.;2001, Regional characteristics of sulfur and lead isotope ratios in the atmosphere at several Chinese urban sites. Environmental Science & Technology 35, 1064–1071.

14.OECD; 1995. Motor vehicle pollution. Reduction strategies beyond 2010. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris.

15.Shi, Z., Shao, L., Jones, T.P., Lu, S.; 2005, Microscopy and mineralogy of airborne particles collected during severe dust storm episodes in Beijing, China. Journal of Geophysical Research 110, D01303.

16.Xiu, G., Zhang, D., Chen, J., Huang, X., Chen, Z., Guo, H., Pan, J.; 2004, Characterization of major water-soluble inorganic ions in size-fractionated particulate matters in Shanghai campus ambient air. Atmospheric Environment 38, 227–236.

17.Zabłocka-Kos A.; 2006, Zrozumieć miasto: Centrum Wrocławia na drodze ku nowoczesnemu city, 1807–1858. Wrocław: Via Nova.

18.Гаркотин В. Бяломоре, 2013; Издательство Нива Пресс, с. 240.

6.7. Graphic and tables attachement

Fig. 6.5. Photographs of the building type in Kandalaksha

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KK01

KK02

KK03

KK04

KK05

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KK06

KK07

KK08

KK09

KK10

Fig. 6.6. Microphotographs from the binocular magnifier (left), polarized microscope in reflected light (center) and electrons backwards scattered (right) from

the Kandalaksha plaster samples

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Fig. 6.7. Situated sketch of the Kandalaksha city with markered sample localization

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Fig. 6.8. Graphs of chemical composition of metals in individual Kandalaksha plaster samples based on microscale studies

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